Past, Present, and Future of Neuronal Models In Vitro
Past, Present, and Future of Neuronal Models In Vitro
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-030-11135-9_1
复制
发表时间：
2019-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Frega, Monica
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Keller, Jason M.;Frega, Monica
在过去的一个世纪里，人们开发出了强大的方法，能够在体外分离、培养和动态观察哺乳动物神经元网络。但即使神经元培养还不能完全重现正常大脑，从这些替代体外模型中获得的知识也是无价的。事实上，神经元培养继续推动基础神经科学研究，证明体外系统在研究健康或患病的人脑时具有合法性。此外，科学进步通常与该领域的技术改进并行。一个相关的例子是，微电极阵列（MEA）技术的进步正在促进神经科学领域更好地理解神经元网络的发展、组织和新兴特性的集体动力。在本章中，我们简要回顾了神经元细胞培养技术的出现、基于人类干细胞的建模的当前趋势以及用于监测神经元通讯的技术。最后，我们强调了人类神经元模型和 MEA 技术相结合所特别发展的未来前景。
Over the past century, robust methods were developed that enable the isolation, culture, and dynamic observation of mammalian neuronal networks in vitro. But even if neuronal culture cannot yet fully recapitulate the normal brain, the knowledge that has been acquired from these surrogate in vitro models is invaluable. Indeed, neuronal culture has continued to propel basic neuroscience research, proving that in vitro systems have legitimacy when it comes to studying either the healthy or diseased human brain. Furthermore, scientific advancement typically parallels technical refinements in the field. A pertinent example is that a collective drive in the field of neuroscience to better understand the development, organization, and emergent properties of neuronal networks is being facilitated by progressive advances in micro-electrode array (MEA) technology. In this chapter, we briefly review the emergence of neuronal cell culture as a technique, the current trends in human stem cell-based modeling, and the technologies used to monitor neuronal communication. We conclude by highlighting future prospects that are evolving specifically out of the combination of human neuronal models and MEA technology.