The effects of alphabet and expertise on letter perception.
The effects of alphabet and expertise on letter perception.
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字母和专业知识对字母感知的影响。
DOI：
10.1037/xhp0000213
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发表时间：
2016-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Rapp B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wiley RW;Wilson C;Rapp B
人类感知中长期存在的问题涉及字母识别背后的视觉特征的本质，以及字母的视觉处理在多大程度上受到字母表和观众专业知识水平差异的影响。我们以一种新颖的方法研究了这些问题，对阿拉伯字母表中的字母对进行同异判断任务，分为两组参与者——一组之前没有接触过阿拉伯语，一组具有阅读能力。反应时间和准确性的层次聚类和线性混合效应模型提供了证据，证明字母表的具体特征和观察者之前的经验都会影响字母的感知和视觉处理方式。这项研究的结果进一步加深了我们对影响字母感知的多种因素的理解，并支持了视觉系统的观点，即当专家读者能够更有效地区分他们正在查看的特定字母表中的字母时，视觉系统会动态调整其视觉特征的权重。
Long-standing questions in human perception concern the nature of the visual features that underlie letter recognition and the extent to which the visual processing of letters is affected by differences in alphabets and levels of viewer expertise. We examined these issues in a novel approach using a same-different judgment task on pairs of letters from the Arabic alphabet with two participant groups—one with no prior exposure to Arabic and one with reading proficiency. Hierarchical clustering and linear mixed-effects modeling of reaction times and accuracy provide evidence that both the specific characteristics of the alphabet and observers’ previous experience with it affect how letters are perceived and visually processed. The findings of this research further our understanding of the multiple factors that affect letter perception and support the view of a visual system that dynamically adjusts its weighting of visual features as expert readers come to more efficiently and effectively discriminate the letters of the specific alphabet they are viewing.