A rich VIP nerve supply is characteristic of sphincters
A rich VIP nerve supply is characteristic of sphincters
复制标题
丰富的 VIP 神经供应是括约肌的特征
作者：
J. Alumets;J. Fahrenkrug;R. Håkanson;O. S. D. Muckadell;F. Sundler;R. Uddman
血管活性肠肽(VIP)是由Said和Mutt1从猪十二指肠提取液中分离得到的，最初被认为是一种激素。免疫组织化学研究表明，VIP具有神经元定位。含有VIP的神经分布于全身各处，尤其多见于消化道3-7、泌尿生殖道8-10和上呼吸道11。储存血管活性肠肽或其他神经肽(P物质、生长抑素和脑啡肽)的神经显然是附加类型的自主神经，与肾上腺素能和胆碱能神经不同。很大比例的肽能神经似乎起源于靠近或位于被支配器官内的神经细胞体5-9，11。这些新类型神经的生理意义尚不清楚，但了解它们的精确解剖分布将有助于确定它们的靶标。我们先前观察到，被认为发挥括约肌功能的结构接收到特别丰富的此类神经供应。我们现在已经检查了几个被识别或预期的括约肌，并建立了所有这些括约肌中VIP神经的存在。
VASOACTIVE INTESTINAL PEPTIDE (VIP), isolated from extracts of porcine duodenum by Said and Mutt1, was at first thought to be a hormone2. Immunohistochemical studies have since revealed that VIP has a neuronal localisation. VIP-containing nerves occur throughout the body, being particularly frequent in the digestive tract3–7, the genitourinary tract8–10 and the upper respiratory tract11. The nerves storing VIP or other neuropeptides (substance P, somatostatin and enkephalin) apparently represent additional types of autonomie nerves, distinct from the adrenergic and cholinergic ones. A great proportion or the peptidergic nerves seems to originate in nerve cell bodies located close to or within the innervated organ5–9,11. The physiological significance of these new types of nerves is a matter of speculation, but a knowledge of their precise anatomical distribution will assist in defining their targets. We have previously observed that structures believed to exert a sphincter function receive a particularly rich supply of such nerves. We have now examined several sphincters, recognised or anticipated, and have established the presence of VIP nerves in all of them.