Forelimb position affects facultative bipedal locomotion in lizards
Forelimb position affects facultative bipedal locomotion in lizards
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前肢位置影响蜥蜴的兼性双足运动
DOI：
10.1242/jeb.185975
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
L. McBrayer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chase T. Kinsey;L. McBrayer
摘要最近的研究表明，蜥蜴的两足姿势在障碍物谈判中是有利的。然而，很少有人知道两足动物是如何超越蜥蜴的加速阈值的。此外，没有研究到目前为止已经检查了前肢的位置对身体的质量中心（BCoM）的上下文中的两足动物。本研究量化了两足动物在有障碍物和无障碍物的情况下从短跑开始0.8米时的频率。 前肢的位置进行了量化，在双足运行在开始冲刺时，当跨越障碍。两种不同的身体形式（因此不同的BCoM）进行了研究（Sceloporus woodi和Aspidoscelis sexlineata），以评估潜在的变化，由于身体计划和障碍物穿越行为。两组间两足行走频率无显著差异。有或没有障碍物。然而，A. sexlineata主要使用两足姿势时，短跑。前肢位置在S. woodi和刻板的A. sexlineata。在A组中，前肢的尾侧伸展有助于向后移动BCoM，并过渡到或维持两足姿势。sexlineata，而S.伍迪。后移在BCOM，更尾部放置前肢的帮助下，帮助提高躯干从地面，无论障碍物的存在。身体计划，特别是躯干和尾巴的长度，以及前肢位置与加速度一起工作，以向后移动BCoM，以过渡到两足姿势。因此，物种表现出形态和行为的调整，过渡到并保持兼性两足动物，而短跑。突出显示的文章：双足运动通过保持前进速度和清除障碍物来增强短跑运动中的障碍物谈判。前肢的位置有助于转移的质量中心过渡到一个双足姿势。
ABSTRACT Recent work indicates that bipedal posture in lizards is advantageous during obstacle negotiation. However, little is known about how bipedalism occurs beyond a lizard's acceleratory threshold. Furthermore, no study to date has examined the effects of forelimb position on the body center of mass (BCoM) in the context of bipedalism. This study quantified the frequency of bipedalism when sprinting with versus without an obstacle at 0.8 m from the start of a sprint. Forelimb positions were quantified during bipedal running at the start of a sprint and when crossing an obstacle. Two species with contrasting body forms (and thus different BCoM) were studied (Sceloporus woodi and Aspidoscelis sexlineata) to assess potential variation due to body plan and obstacle-crossing behavior. No significant difference in frequency of bipedalism was observed in S. woodi with or without an obstacle. However, A. sexlineata primarily used a bipedal posture when sprinting. Forelimb positions were variable in S. woodi and stereotyped in A. sexlineata. Caudal extension of the forelimbs helped shift the BCoM posteriorly and transition to, or maintain, a bipedal posture in A. sexlineata, but not in S. woodi. The posterior shift in BCoM, aided by more caudally placed forelimbs, helps raise the trunk from the ground, regardless of obstacle presence. The body plan, specifically the length of the trunk and tail, and forelimb position work together with acceleration to shift the BCoM posteriorly to transition to a bipedal posture. Thus, species exhibit morphological and behavioral adjustments to transition to and maintain facultative bipedalism while sprinting. Highlighted Article: Bipedal locomotion enhances obstacle negotiation during sprint locomotion via maintaining forward speed and obstacle clearance. Forelimb position helps shift the center of mass to transition to a bipedal posture.
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1997-08
期刊：
The Journal of experimental biology
影响因子：
--
作者：
C. T. Farley;KO T.CHRISTINE
通讯作者：
C. T. Farley;KO T.CHRISTINE