Forgetting the Unforgettable Through Conversation: Socially Shared Retrieval-Induced Forgetting of September 11 Memories
Forgetting the Unforgettable Through Conversation: Socially Shared Retrieval-Induced Forgetting of September 11 Memories
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02343.x
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发表时间：
2009-05-01
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Hirst, William
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Coman, Alin;Manier, David;Hirst, William
说话者选择性地叙述与听话者分享的记忆，会使说话者和听话者都忘记未提及的相关材料，而不是未提及的无关材料。我们将这一发现扩展到个人内部和社会共享的检索引起的遗忘，以充分排练，情感强烈的记忆，这些记忆对说话者和倾听者来说是相似的，但在细节上有所不同。一份调查问卷调查了参与者对911恐怖袭击的记忆。问题和答案被分组为类别范例结构。然后，参与者选择性地排练他们的答案（实验1中使用结构化访谈，实验2中使用配对之间的联合复述）。在随后的识别测试中，反应时间产生的证据内的个人检索引起的遗忘和社会共享检索引起的遗忘。这一结果表明，对话可以以类似的方式改变说话者和倾听者的记忆，即使记忆不同。我们讨论了社会共享检索引起的遗忘作为集体记忆形成的机制。
A speaker's selective recounting of memories shared with a listener will induce both the speaker and the listener to forget unmentioned, related material more than unmentioned, unrelated material. We extended this finding of within-individual and socially shared retrieval-induced forgetting to well-rehearsed, emotionally intense memories that are similar for the speaker and listener, but differ in specifics. A questionnaire probed participants' memory of the September 11 terrorist attacks. Questions and responses were grouped into category-exemplar structures. Then, participants selectively rehearsed their answers (using a structured interview in Experiment 1 and a joint recounting between pairs in Experiment 2). In subsequent recognition tests, response times yielded evidence of within-individual retrieval-induced forgetting and socially shared retrieval-induced forgetting. This result indicates that conversations can alter memories of speakers and listeners in similar ways, even when the memories differ. We discuss socially shared retrieval-induced forgetting as a mechanism for the formation of collective memories.