The portion size effect and overconsumption - towards downsizing solutions for children and adolescents - An update
The portion size effect and overconsumption - towards downsizing solutions for children and adolescents - An update
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DOI：
10.1111/nbu.12375
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发表时间：
2019-06-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Hetherington, M. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hetherington, M. M.
份量效应(PSE)，即当提供大量食物时吃得更多，是强大、可靠和持久的。虽然目前还不知道是什么导致了PSE，但进食量可能会成为应该吃多少的指南。随着时间的推移，消费者逐渐习惯于将特定数量的食物视为“社会规范”，因此大份量的食物被视为典型。对于正在形成饮食习惯的儿童和青少年来说，长期接触大份量的零食和膳食可能会鼓励过度消费。因此，根据儿童和年轻人的年龄和阶段提供较小的份量应该会为PSE提供一个潜在的解决方案。我们已经制定了一系列缩减规模的战略，以测试在学龄前儿童、青少年和家庭中提供较少比例的零食和膳食项目的效果。瘦身的一个潜在后果是可能会出现补偿，即较小的份量会推动其他食物的摄取。因此，在研究裁员战略时，在餐饮中的其他地方或整个饮食中衡量补偿措施是重要的。我们的研究表明，随着儿童对食物的偏好和饮食习惯的养成，为儿童提供“我大小”的较小份量的食物以便于控制份量是可行和可取的。然而，针对年轻人和青少年的战略更具挑战性，需要进一步调查。
The portion size effect (PSE), where more is eaten when large amounts are offered, is robust, reliable and enduring. Although it is not known what drives the PSE, amount served may act as a guide to how much should be eaten. Over time, consumers become accustomed to particular amounts of food as the 'social norm' and so large portion sizes are treated as typical. For children and adolescents who are forming eating habits, long-term exposure to large portion sizes of snacks and meal items may encourage overconsumption. Therefore, offering smaller portions to suit the age and stage of children and young people should offer a potential solution to the PSE. We have developed a series of downsizing strategies to test the effect of providing smaller portions of snacks and meal items in pre-school children, adolescents and families. One potential consequence of downsizing is that compensation may occur, in which smaller portion sizes drive intake of other foods. Therefore, in examining downsizing strategies, measures of compensation elsewhere in the meal or across the overall diet are important. Our studies indicate that it is both feasible and desirable to offer 'me-sized', smaller portions for children to facilitate portion control as food preferences and eating habits are developed. However, strategies for young adults and adolescents are more challenging and require further investigation.