CARNIVORY IN THE BROMELIAD BROCCHINIA-REDUCTA, WITH A COST-BENEFIT MODEL FOR THE GENERAL RESTRICTION OF CARNIVOROUS PLANTS TO SUNNY, MOIST, NUTRIENT-POOR HABITATS
CARNIVORY IN THE BROMELIAD BROCCHINIA-REDUCTA, WITH A COST-BENEFIT MODEL FOR THE GENERAL RESTRICTION OF CARNIVOROUS PLANTS TO SUNNY, MOIST, NUTRIENT-POOR HABITATS
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DOI：
10.1086/284289
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发表时间：
1984-01-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
WEINTRAUB, JD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
GIVNISH, TJ;BURKHARDT, EL;WEINTRAUB, JD
B。reducta是凤梨科第一例食肉动物。它直立的叶子形成一个淡黄色的圆柱体，其内表面有角质层润滑剂，储存液体，散发出花蜜般的香味，并具有能够从这种液体中吸收氨基酸的毛状体，其中许多昆虫，主要是蚂蚁，淹死。毛状体吸收率和方面的毛状体结构出现独特的原始亚科Pitcairnioideae。本文首次提出了植物中肉食性的严格定义，并讨论了其对凤梨科植物中肉食性和原肉食性的鉴别意义。食肉动物进化的成本/效益模型的开发，以分析为什么食肉植物主要限于阳光充足，潮湿，营养不良的网站和季节，为什么食肉是罕见的附生植物和其他凤梨科。食肉动物和蚂蚁喂养myrmecophily的相对优势进行了讨论，在这个模型和预测的蚂蚁植物互利共生的性质在林下myrmecophytes。
B. reducta is the 1st documented case of carnivory in the Bromeliaceae. Its erect leaves form a yellowish cylinder with a cuticular lubricant on its inner surface, impound fluid that emits a nectarlike fragrance and bear trichomes capable of absorbing amino acids from this fluid in which numerous insects, mainly ants, drown. Trichome absorptivity and aspects of trichome structure appear unique in the primitive subfamily Pitcairnioideae. The 1st rigorous definition of carnivory in plants is presented, and its implications for the identification of cases of carnivory and protocarnivory in bromeliads are discussed. A cost/benefit model for the evolution of carnivory is developed to analyze why carnivorous plants are restricted mainly to sunny, moist, nutrient-poor sites and seasons, and why carnivory is rare in epiphytes and other bromeliads. The relative advantages of carnivory and ant-fed myrmecophily are discussed in terms of this model and predictions made regarding the nature of the ant-plant mutualism in understory myrmecophytes.