Herbivores, Vascular Pathways, and Systemic Induction: Facts and Artifacts
Herbivores, Vascular Pathways, and Systemic Induction: Facts and Artifacts
复制标题
草食动物、血管通路和全身诱导：事实和文物
DOI：
10.1007/s10886-005-7099-7
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发表时间：
2005
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
C. Orians
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Orians
在过去的10年里，我们对植物抵抗食草动物的分子、化学和形态诱导特征的理解有了巨大的增长。虽然已经确定植物的维管结构可以限制诱导模式，但研究往往不能解释这些限制。如果不这样做，就有可能严重低估诱导的模式和程度。在这里，我回顾了(1)血管控制诱导反应的证据，(2)种间差异如何影响诱导的空间模式，(3)韧皮部运输和挥发物产生等因素，这些因素可能会打破血管限制并导致更广泛的诱导，以及(4)当不考虑血管结构时可能受到损害的实验方法。我表明血管限制在系统诱导是常见的，但不同的物种。我认为当诱导比预期的更广泛时，血管连通性和挥发物产生的差异可能是原因。我认为，在系统诱导机制、不同信号转导途径之间的交叉、诱导的特异性、系统诱导的成本和收益以及诱导变化对食草动物及其天敌的影响方面的进展要求设计实验来检查和/或控制系统诱导中的血管约束。
Over the past 10 years there has been tremendous growth in our understanding of molecular, chemical, and morphological induction of traits involved in the resistance of plants to herbivores. Although it is well established that the patterns of induction can be constrained by a plant's vascular architecture, studies often fail to account for these constraints. Failure to do so has the potential to severely underestimate both the patterns and extent of induction. Here I review (1) the evidence for vascular control of induced responses, (2) how interspecific variation in phyllotaxy influences spatial patterning of induction, (3) the factors, phloem transport and volatile production, that may break down vascular constraints and lead to more widespread induction, and (4) the experimental approaches that could be compromised when vascular architecture is not considered. I show that vascular constraints in systemic induction are commonplace, but vary among species. I suggest that when induction is more widespread than expected from patterns of phyllotaxy, differences in vascular connectivity and volatile production may be responsible. I argue that advances in the mechanisms of systemic induction, cross-talk between different signal transduction pathways, specificity of induction, costs and benefits of systemic induction, and the effects of induced changes on herbivores and their natural enemies require that experiments be designed to examine and/or control for vascular constraints in systemic induction.