Biological phase separation: cell biology meets biophysics
Biological phase separation: cell biology meets biophysics
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DOI：
10.1007/s12551-020-00680-x
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发表时间：
2020-03
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
T. Yoshizawa;Ryu-Suke Nozawa;Tony Z. Jia;T. Saio;Eiichiro Mori
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Yoshizawa;Ryu-Suke Nozawa;Tony Z. Jia;T. Saio;Eiichiro Mori
生物物理分析方法的发展进展最近与细胞中的大分子凝聚物发生了交叉。这些细胞凝聚物通常称为液体状液滴，是通过液-液相分离 (LLPS) 形成的。现在越来越多的细胞生物学家认识到，细胞中观察到的许多无膜细胞器是由蛋白质和核酸之间的相互作用引起的 LLPS 形成的。然而，细胞内导致这些组装的详细生物物理过程在很大程度上仍未被探索。在这篇综述中，我们评估了与生物相分离相关的最新发现，包括应激颗粒的形成、染色质调控以及生命起源和进化的过程。我们还讨论了正确研究生物相分离所需的潜在问题和技术进步。
Progress in development of biophysical analytic approaches has recently crossed paths with macromolecule condensates in cells. These cell condensates, typically termed liquid-like droplets, are formed by liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). More and more cell biologists now recognize that many of the membrane-less organelles observed in cells are formed by LLPS caused by interactions between proteins and nucleic acids. However, the detailed biophysical processes within the cell that lead to these assemblies remain largely unexplored. In this review, we evaluate recent discoveries related to biological phase separation including stress granule formation, chromatin regulation, and processes in the origin and evolution of life. We also discuss the potential issues and technical advancements required to properly study biological phase separation.