The ebb and flow of protons: A novel approach for the assessment of estuarine and coastal acidification
The ebb and flow of protons: A novel approach for the assessment of estuarine and coastal acidification
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ecss.2020.106627
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发表时间：
2020-05
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
D. T. Pettay;S. Gonski;W. Cai;C. Sommerfield;W. Ullman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. T. Pettay;S. Gonski;W. Cai;C. Sommerfield;W. Ullman
河口和沿海沃茨的酸化是自然过程（如有氧呼吸）和人为过程（如化石燃料燃烧、富营养化）的结果，并可能对周围生态系统产生负面影响。直到最近，它是很难准确地测量pH值，从而总质子浓度（[H T+]），当盐度变化显着，迅速作为潮汐混合的结果。质子的产生和运输是近岸环境酸化的最终原因，高频率测量的质子浓度的不确定性阻碍了我们对全球和当地过程对河口和沿海酸化的净影响的理解。在这里，我们量化了河口和海湾之间的质子交换率，通过使用自主SeapHOx™传感器的高频pH T（总氢离子浓度标度）数据和富营养化Murderkill河口和特拉华州湾之间的连续潮汐流量测量的新组合来评估酸化的程度。质子通量随着每次潮汐而逆转。然而，净非潮汐质子通量是指向上游，并显示季节性变化的大小。我们的研究结果表明，特拉华州湾有助于酸化的默德基尔河口，但酸化的程度在夏季减少。利用高时间分辨率测量的质子浓度来计算质子通量，为定量动态近岸环境的酸化提供了一种新的、相对简单的方法。
The acidification of estuarine and coastal waters is a consequence of both natural (eg, aerobic respiration) and anthropogenic (eg, combustion of fossil fuels, eutrophication) processes and can negatively impact the surrounding ecosystems. Until recently it was difficult to accurately measure pH, and thus total proton concentrations ([H T+]), when salinities vary significantly and rapidly as a consequence of tidal mixing. Proton production and transport are ultimately responsible for acidification in nearshore environments, and the uncertainty surrounding proton concentrations measured at high frequency has hindered our understanding of the net impact of global and local processes on estuarine and coastal acidification. Here, we quantify the rate of proton exchange between an estuary and bay to assess the extent of acidification by using the novel combination of high frequency pH T (total hydrogen ion concentration scale) data from an autonomous SeapHOx™ sensor and continuous tidal discharge measurements made between the eutrophic Murderkill Estuary and Delaware Bay. Proton fluxes reverse with each tide. However, the net non-tidal proton fluxes are directed upstream and display seasonal changes in magnitude. Our results indicate that Delaware Bay contributes to the acidification of the Murderkill Estuary, yet the degree of acidification is reduced in the summer. Using proton concentrations measured at high temporal resolution to calculate proton fluxes provides a new and relatively simple approach for quantifying the acidification of dynamic nearshore environments.