Information Technologies and the Police
Information Technologies and the Police
复制标题
信息技术和警察
DOI：
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发表时间：
1992
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
P. Manning
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Manning
警方一直希望科技能够缓解他们最棘手的问题。最近最重要的技术创新涉及计算机和相关软件。警方依赖信息，将公众作为信息的主要来源；警察如何获取、处理、编码、解码和使用信息是理解其职能的关键。至少有三种类型的警察信息（初级、二级和三级）、情报（前瞻性、回顾性和应用）和行动策略（预防性、前瞻性和反应性），每一种都以复杂的方式与技术相互作用。这些过程在很大程度上受到警察工作的影响，尤其是巡警的角色，以及警察的职业文化。技术根植于社会组织之中；它塑造了组织，也被组织所塑造。
The police have long hoped that technology would ease their most vexing problems. The most important recent innovations in technology involve computers and related software. The police are information dependent and rely on the public as a primary source of information; how the police obtain, process, encode, decode, and use information is critical to understanding their functions. There are at least three types of police information (primary, secondary, and tertiary), intelligence (prospective, retrospective, and applied), and operational strategies (preventive, prospective, and reactive), each of which interacts in a complex fashion with technology. These processes are importantly patterned by police work, especially the role of the patrol officer, and the occupational cultures of policing. Technology is embedded in social organization; it shapes organizations and is shaped by them.