Greenhouse gas balance of cropland conversion to bioenergy poplar short-rotation coppice
Greenhouse gas balance of cropland conversion to bioenergy poplar short-rotation coppice
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DOI：
10.5194/bg-13-95-2016
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发表时间：
2015-05
期刊：
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
S. Sabbatini;N. Arriga;T. Bertolini;S. Castaldi;T. Chiti;C. Consalvo;S. N. Djomo;S. N. Djomo;B. Gioli;G. Matteucci;D. Papale
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文献类型：
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作者：
S. Sabbatini;N. Arriga;T. Bertolini;S. Castaldi;T. Chiti;C. Consalvo;S. N. Djomo;S. N. Djomo;B. Gioli;G. Matteucci;D. Papale
抽象。在欧洲生产生物能源是减少温室气体排放的战略之一。通过比较维泰博（意大利）24个月的温室气体收支，研究了从农田（REF站点）到短轮伐期杂交白杨种植园（SRC站点）的土地利用变化的适宜性。这一时期相当于SRC研究中心的单次轮换。REF站点是草地和冬小麦之间的作物轮作，即在转换为短轮伐期矮林之前与SRC站点相同的管理。涡度协方差测量进行量化的净生态系统交换的CO2（FCO2），而商会被用来测量土壤中的N2O和CH4排放量。测量开始2年后，耕地转换为SRC，使一个老白杨种植园被用来估计土壤有机碳（SOC）的损失，由于SRC的建立，并估计随着时间的推移SOC恢复。模拟了拖拉机和农业投入生产和运输的排放量。由于SRC生物质替代天然气，温室气体排放抵消计入SRC场地的温室气体预算。还考虑了使用生物量产生的排放量。最后通过比较两个地点的温室气体预算来评估适宜性。SRC站点2年内的CO2吸收量为3512 ± 224 g CO2 m−2，REF站点为1838 ± 107 g CO2 m−2。在REF站点，FEXP等于1858 ± 240 g CO2 m−2，因此基本上补偿了FCO2，而在SRC站点，FEXP为1118 ± 521 g CO2 m−2。SRC站点可以从化石燃料置换中抵消379.7 ± 175.1 g CO2eq m−2。土壤CH_4和N_2O排放通量可忽略不计。FMAN分别占SRC和REF站点温室气体预算的2%和4%，而SOC损失为455 ± 524 g CO2 m−2。总体而言，从温室气体角度来看，REF站点接近中性（156 ± 264 g CO2eq m−2），而SRC站点是2202 ± 792 g CO2eq m−2的净汇。总之，从温室气体的角度来看，该实验对农田转换为生物能源SRC产生了积极的评价。
Abstract. The production of bioenergy in Europe is one of the strategies conceived to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The suitability of the land use change from a cropland (REF site) to a short-rotation coppice plantation of hybrid poplar (SRC site) was investigated by comparing the GHG budgets of these two systems over 24 months in Viterbo, Italy. This period corresponded to a single rotation of the SRC site. The REF site was a crop rotation between grassland and winter wheat, i.e. the same management of the SRC site before the conversion to short-rotation coppice. Eddy covariance measurements were carried out to quantify the net ecosystem exchange of CO2 (FCO2), whereas chambers were used to measure N2O and CH4 emissions from soil. The measurements began 2 years after the conversion of arable land to SRC so that an older poplar plantation was used to estimate the soil organic carbon (SOC) loss due to SRC establishment and to estimate SOC recovery over time. Emissions from tractors and from production and transport of agricultural inputs (FMAN) were modelled. A GHG emission offset, due to the substitution of natural gas with SRC biomass, was credited to the GHG budget of the SRC site. Emissions generated by the use of biomass (FEXP) were also considered. Suitability was finally assessed by comparing the GHG budgets of the two sites. CO2 uptake was 3512 ± 224 g CO2 m−2 at the SRC site in 2 years, and 1838 ± 107 g CO2 m−2 at the REF site. FEXP was equal to 1858 ± 240 g CO2 m−2 at the REF site, thus basically compensating for FCO2, while it was 1118 ± 521 g CO2 m−2 at the SRC site. The SRC site could offset 379.7 ± 175.1 g CO2eq m−2 from fossil fuel displacement. Soil CH4 and N2O fluxes were negligible. FMAN made up 2 and 4 % in the GHG budgets of SRC and REF sites respectively, while the SOC loss was 455 ± 524 g CO2 m−2 in 2 years. Overall, the REF site was close to neutrality from a GHG perspective (156 ± 264 g CO2eq m−2), while the SRC site was a net sink of 2202 ± 792 g CO2eq m−2. In conclusion the experiment led to a positive evaluation from a GHG viewpoint of the conversion of cropland to bioenergy SRC.