A Test of the Simultaneous vs . Sequential Lineup Methods An Initial Report of the AJS National Eyewitness Identification Field Studies
A Test of the Simultaneous vs . Sequential Lineup Methods An Initial Report of the AJS National Eyewitness Identification Field Studies
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同时与同步的测试
DOI：
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Jennifer E. Dysart
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Wells;N. Steblay;Jennifer E. Dysart
美国司法学会成立于1913年，是一个独立的、无党派的会员制组织，致力于在全国范围内保护美国司法系统的完整性。美国司法学会拥有包括法官、律师和公众在内的多元化和广泛的会员，通过研究、出版、教育和倡导司法改革来促进法院的公平和公正。美国司法学会的工作主要集中在司法道德、司法选拔、诉诸司法、刑事司法改革和陪审制度等方面。无罪计划自费参与目击证人鉴定现场研究，其中包括专业人员时间、旅行和OTP费用的重大贡献。致谢作者和目击证人鉴定（EWID）合作伙伴特别感谢以下个人，感谢他们在AJS国家目击证人鉴定现场研究的开发和实施过程中提供的建议和支持。作者和EWID伙伴关系特别感谢以下警察部门、执法主管和人员、地区检察官和法律专业人员的参与和他们对确保EWID实地研究取得成功的承诺。没有他们的伙伴关系和支持，实地研究是不可能进行的。作者和EWID伙伴关系特别感谢以下个人对本项目的支持和投入：摘要错误的目击者指认在定罪无辜者方面发挥了重要作用，这使人们对寻找减少目击者指认错误的方法产生了强烈的兴趣。30多年来，心理学家一直在对这个问题进行实验室研究，并提出了一些可能的改革，以指导排队的程序。大多数拟议的改革，包括双盲管理的关键要求（管理员不知道嫌疑人的身份），在原则上没有被认为是有争议的，美国各地的许多司法管辖区都采用了它们。然而，双盲（DB）顺序排列程序而非DB同时排列程序的使用引起了争议，这一争议不必要地阻碍了许多司法管辖区采用无争议的改革。顺序列队每次向证人展示一个成员，并要求证人在展示下一个成员之前对每个成员做出决定，而传统的同时列队同时向证人展示所有成员。受控的实验室实验一致表明，DB顺序处理结果大大减少了错误识别和更小的…
Founded in 1913, the American Judicature Society is an independent, non-partisan, membership organization working nationally to protect the integrity of the American justice system. AJS's diverse and broadly based membership – including judges, lawyers, and members of the public – promotes fair and impartial courts through research, publications, education, and advocacy for judicial reform. The work of AJS focuses primarily on judicial ethics, judicial selection, access to justice, criminal justice reform, and the jury system. 1 The Innocence Project self-funded its participation in the Eyewitness Identification Field Studies, which included significant contributions of professional staff time, travel and OTP costs Acknowledgements The authors and Eyewitness Identification (EWID) partnership offer special thanks to the following individuals for their advice and support during the development and implementation of the AJS National Eyewitness Identification Field Studies. The authors and EWID partnership offer special thanks to the following police departments, law enforcement executives and personnel, district attorneys, and legal professionals for their participation and their commitment to ensuring that the EWID Field Studies were a success. Without their partnership and support, the Field Studies would not have been possible. The authors and EWID Partnership offer special thanks to the following individuals for their support and input on this project: Executive Summary The significant role that mistaken eyewitness identifications have played in convictions of the innocent has led to a strong interest in finding ways to reduce eyewitness identification errors. Psychological scientists have been conducting laboratory studies on this problem for over 30 years and have proposed a number of possible reforms to the procedures used in conducting lineups. Most of the proposed reforms, including the critical requirement of double-blind administration (the administrator does not know the identity of the suspect), have not been considered controversial in principle and many jurisdictions across the United States have adopted them. The use of a double-blind (DB) sequential rather than a DB simultaneous lineup procedure, however, has engendered controversy, a controversy that has unnecessarily held back the adoption of non-controversial reforms in many jurisdictions. The sequential lineup shows lineup members to the witness one at a time and asks the witness to make a decision on each one before showing the next one, whereas the traditional simultaneous lineup shows the witness all lineup members at once. Controlled laboratory experiments consistently show that the DB sequential procedure results in a substantial reduction of mistaken identifications and a much smaller …