BEYOND RACE/ETHNICITY: SKIN COLOR, GENDER, AND THE HEALTH OF YOUNG ADULTS IN THE UNITED STATES.
BEYOND RACE/ETHNICITY: SKIN COLOR, GENDER, AND THE HEALTH OF YOUNG ADULTS IN THE UNITED STATES.
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超越种族/民族：美国年轻人的肤色、性别和健康。
DOI：
10.1007/s11113-018-9503-3
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Harris,KathleenMullan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Perreira,KristaM;Wassink,Joshua;Harris,KathleenMullan
研究人员通常使用自我报告的种族/民族来确定健康差距，这是一种确定个人社会和文化从属关系的指标。在这项研究中，我们使用Add Health第1、3和4波中的数据，通过采访者归因于肤色来检查健康差异，这一衡量标准捕捉了其他人归因于个人的种族/民族感知。肤色较深的人可能面临更多严重的压力因素，如感知到的歧视、贫困和经济困难，这些因素可能会在一生中积累，并增加健康状况不佳的可能性。我们发现身体质量指数(BMI)、肥胖、自我报告的健康状况和抑郁症状在采访者归因于肤色方面有显著的梯度，但结果因性别而不同。女性的体重指数、肥胖和健康状况一般/较差之间的关系仅部分受到歧视、自我报告的压力或较低的社会经济地位的影响，并在控制了种族/民族因素后持续存在。在男性中，在控制了种族/民族后，肤色与一般/较差的健康和抑郁症状之间的初始关联并不持续。这项研究论证了将肤色和性别与种族/民族结合起来考虑分层的价值。
Researchers typically identify health disparities using self-reported race/ethnicity, a measure identifying individuals’ social and cultural affiliations. In this study, we use data from Waves 1, 3, and 4 of Add Health to examine health disparities by interviewer-ascribed skin color, a measure capturing the perceptions of race/ethnicity ascribed to individuals by others. Individuals with darker-skin tones may face greater exposure to serious stressors such as perceived discrimination, poverty, and economic hardship which can accumulate over the lifecourse and increase the likelihood of poor health. We found significant gradients in Body Mass Index (BMI), obesity, self-reported health, and depressive symptoms by interviewer-ascribed skin color but results differed by gender. Associations of BMI, obesity, and fair/poor health among women were only partially mediated by discrimination, self-reported stress, or low socioeconomic status and persisted after controlling for race/ethnicity. Among men, initial associations between skin color and both fair/poor health and depressive symptoms did not persist after controlling for race/ethnicity. This study demonstrates the value of considering stratification by skin color and gender in conjunction with race/ethnicity.