Regulating Subcellular Metal Homeostasis: The Key to Crop Improvement.
Regulating Subcellular Metal Homeostasis: The Key to Crop Improvement.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2016.01192
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Nishizawa NK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bashir K;Rasheed S;Kobayashi T;Seki M;Nishizawa NK
铁（Fe）、锌（Zn）、锰（Mn）和铜（Cu）是生物体必需的微量营养素矿物元素，因为它们调节基本的细胞过程，如叶绿素合成和光合作用（Fe、Cu和Mn）、呼吸作用（Fe和Cu）和转录（Zn）。这些矿物质在各种细胞器中的储存和分布受到严格的调节，以确保最佳的代谢率。这些矿物质的吸收、分布和/或储存平衡的改变严重损害细胞代谢，并显著影响植物的生长发育。因此，细胞腔室金属轮廓的任何变化都会显著影响代谢。不同的亚细胞区室被认为通过复杂的逆行信号网络连接，以调节细胞金属稳态。调控细胞和亚细胞金属分布的各种基因已被鉴定和表征。了解这些转运蛋白的作用对于阐述不同亚细胞间的信号传导非常重要。此外，调节参与细胞金属稳态的蛋白质可能有助于调节代谢、适应多种环境条件和生物强化。本文综述了植物中不同亚细胞金属转运组分的研究进展，并讨论了调控细胞代谢的前景和开发生物强化作物的策略。
Iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and copper (Cu) are essential micronutrient mineral elements for living organisms, as they regulate essential cellular processes, such as chlorophyll synthesis and photosynthesis (Fe, Cu, and Mn), respiration (Fe and Cu), and transcription (Zn). The storage and distribution of these minerals in various cellular organelles is strictly regulated to ensure optimal metabolic rates. Alteration of the balance in uptake, distribution, and/or storage of these minerals severely impairs cellular metabolism and significantly affects plant growth and development. Thus, any change in the metal profile of a cellular compartment significantly affects metabolism. Different subcellular compartments are suggested to be linked through complex retrograde signaling networks to regulate cellular metal homeostasis. Various genes regulating cellular and subcellular metal distribution have been identified and characterized. Understanding the role of these transporters is extremely important to elaborate the signaling between various subcellular compartments. Moreover, modulation of the proteins involved in cellular metal homeostasis may help in the regulation of metabolism, adaptability to a diverse range of environmental conditions, and biofortification. Here, we review progress in the understanding of different subcellular metal transport components in plants and discuss the prospects of regulating cellular metabolism and strategies to develop biofortified crop plants.