Developments in Agricultural Soil Quality and Health: Reflections by the Research Committee on Soil Organic Matter Management
Developments in Agricultural Soil Quality and Health: Reflections by the Research Committee on Soil Organic Matter Management
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农业土壤质量与健康的发展：土壤有机质管理研究委员会的思考
DOI：
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
R. Turco
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Wander;L. Cihacek;M. Coyne;R. Drijber;J. Grossman;J. Gutknecht;W. Horwath;S. Jagadamma;D. Olk;M. Ruark;S. Snapp;L. Tiemann;R. Weil;R. Turco
中北部教育和研究活动委员会（NCERA-59）成立于1952年，旨在解决土壤有机质形成和管理实践如何影响土壤结构和生产力的问题。正是以这种身份，我们评论了支持农业用地土壤质量和相关土壤健康评估的科学，目的是加快这一重要领域的进展。尽管美国土壤健康工作所采用的土壤质量指标与我们在20世纪90年代中期开发和推荐的“最小数据集”密切相关，但我们质疑其选择和开发的方法或手段是否足以应对当前和新出现的土壤健康挑战。匆忙制定一套标准的过时措施可能与长期目标不相容。对土壤健康的合法研究认为，土壤变化是多年到几十年来积累的，会影响现场和场外的功能。需要根据当地情况调整方法，以便有效地应用和解释不同土壤资源区域和土地使用的指标。应避免坚持一套由主观标准选择的方法，特别是当我们还没有足够的数据或商定的解释框架，许多所谓的“一级”生物指标用于土壤健康评估。虽然汇集生产者团体收集的数据是土壤健康方面最令人兴奋的新趋势之一，但实现广泛库存目标的标准化方法可能会损害用于现场或应用特定问题解决的指标。我们国家研究领域的变化正在转移责任，
The North Central Education and Research Activity Committee (NCERA-59) was formed in 1952 to address how soil organic matter formation and management practices affect soil structure and productivity. It is in this capacity that we comment on the science supporting soil quality and associated soil health assessment for agricultural lands with the goal of hastening progress in this important field. Even though the suite of soil quality indicators being applied by U.S. soil health efforts closely mirrors the ‘minimum data set’ we developed and recommended in the mid-1990s, we question whether the methods or means for their selection and development are sufficient to meet current and emerging soil health challenges. The rush to enshrine a standard suite of dated measures may be incompatible with longer-term goals. Legitimate study of soil health considers soil change accrued over years to decades that influence on- and off-site function. Tailoring of methods to local conditions is needed to effectively apply and interpret indicators for different soil resource regions and land uses. Adherence to a set suite of methods selected by subjective criteria should be avoided, particularly when we do not yet have adequate data or agreed upon interpretive frameworks for many so-called ‘Tier 1’ biological indicators used in soil health assessment. While pooling data collected by producer-groups is one of the most exciting new trends in soil health, standardizing methods to meet broad inventory goals could compromise indicator use for site or application-specific problem solving. Changes in our nation’s research landscape are shifting responsibility