Natural Calamities, Crop Losses and Coping Strategies: An Economic Analysis from Odisha
Natural Calamities, Crop Losses and Coping Strategies: An Economic Analysis from Odisha
复制标题
自然灾害、农作物损失和应对策略：奥里萨邦的经济分析
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Devesh Birwal
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anchal Arora;Devesh Birwal
印度的农业易受自然灾害和相关风险的影响，特别是不可预测的降雨。这些自然灾害，主要是干旱和洪水作为一个来源的困扰，农民通过增加作物损失，粮食不安全，迁移工作和债务等的机会，使用家庭调查数据收集的各种干旱和洪水的村庄在奥里萨邦，本文评估干旱和洪水对印度农民的经济影响，在他们的作物损失。它分析了不同土地面积和不同农民社会群体的影响如何不同。我们的研究结果表明，农民的总损失随着他们的土地规模的增加，但小农户的每英亩损失更大。它还分析了农民为克服这些压力所造成的逆境而采用的应对策略。我们发现大的和高种姓的农民然而，由于小农和低种姓农民（SCST）无法诉诸这些应对策略，他们被迫改变他们的职业，出售农业土地或移民到其他地方寻找职业。该文件建议使用新的和改进的作物技术作为一种适应措施，可以减少农民的产量和收入损失。此外，增加公共支出将有助于抗击这些自然灾害，并可为农村家庭创造就业机会，补充其收入。
Agriculture in India is vulnerable to natural calamities and associated risks particularly unpredicted rainfall. These natural calamities mainly droughts and floods act as a source of distress for farmers through increase in the chance of crop losses, food insecurity, migration for work and debt, etc. Using household survey data collected from various drought prone and submergence prone villages in Odisha, this paper evaluates the economic impact of droughts and floods on Indian farmers in terms of their loss of crops. It analyses how the impact varies across various land sizes and social groups of farmers. Our results indicate that the total loss to farmers increases with their land sizes but per acre losses incurred by small farmers are greater. It has also analysed the coping strategies used by farmers to overcome the adversities caused by these stresses. We find that the large and upper caste farmers (Non-SCST) could mitigate these natural calamities by using various coping strategies such as crop insurance, short duration varieties, availing institutional credit etc. However, due to inability of small and lower caste farmers (SCST) to resort to such coping strategies, they were forced to either change their occupation, sell agricultural land or migrate to other places in search of occupation. The paper suggests use of new and improved crop technologies as an adaptive measure which could reduce yield and income losses of farmers. Further, increased public expenditure would help fight with these natural calamities and could create employment opportunities for rural households which may supplement their income.