LARYNGEAL MECHANISMS FOR EMISSION OF CF-FM SOUNDS IN DOPPLER-SHIFT COMPENSATING BAT, RHINOLOPHUS-FERRUMEQUINUM
LARYNGEAL MECHANISMS FOR EMISSION OF CF-FM SOUNDS IN DOPPLER-SHIFT COMPENSATING BAT, RHINOLOPHUS-FERRUMEQUINUM
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/bf00656736
复制
发表时间：
1976-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
SUGA, N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
SCHULLER, G;SUGA, N
用去神经支配、记录发声时环甲肌的电活动和多普勒频移补偿以及电刺激环甲肌3种不同的方法，研究了马蹄蝠CF-FM[恒频调频]定向音产生的喉机制。切断单侧喉下神经(即切断喉内肌)对声型、定向音频率和多普勒频移代偿无影响。双侧去神经总是导致窒息。切断单侧喉上神经(即切断环甲肌)并不改变发音模式，但使发出的CF频率降低4~6 kHz。多普勒频移补偿是可能的，但它不稳定，不准确。双侧环甲肌的失神经在定位音中引入了几个强烈的谐音。术后基频变化较大，在12~42 kHz之间。每种谐音的频率模式与正常方位音的频率模式相同。在静息频率到5 kHz以下的范围内，环甲肌纤维每次发声的峰数与定向音的Cf分量的频率成正比。电刺激环甲肌增加了CF的发放频率。在方位声的Cf分量测量时，电刺激引起的最大频率变化约为45 HZ/ms。持续刺激环甲肌的破伤风融合频率约为200 Hz，发声时短刺激约为400 Hz。
The laryngeal mechanisms for the production of CF-FM [constant frequency - frequency modulated] orientation sounds in the horseshoe bat R. ferrumequinum, were studied with 3 different methods: denervation of laryngeal muscles, recordings of electrical activity of the cricothyroid muscle during vocalization and Doppler-shift compensation, and electrical stimulation of the cricothyroid muscles. Unilateral section of the inferior laryngeal nerve (i.e. denervation of the intrinsic laryngeal muscles) had no effect on the sound pattern, the frequency of the orientation sounds and the Doppler-shift compensation. Bilateral denervation led always to suffocation. Unilateral section of the superior laryngeal nerve (i.e. the denervation of the cricothyroid muscles) did not change the sound pattern, but caused a decrease in the frequency of the emitted CF by 4-6 kHz. Doppler-shift compensation was possible, but it was unstable and was not accurate. Bilateral denervation of the cricothyroid muscles introduced several strong harmonics in the orientation sounds. The fundamental frequencies changed considerably between 12-42 kHz after surgery. The frequency pattern in each harmonic is the same as in normal orientation sounds. The spike number per vocalization of cricothyroid muscle fibers was proportional to the frequency of the CF component of the orientation sound in a range between the resting frequency and 5 kHz below it. Electrical stimulation of the cricothyroid muscles increased the frequency of the emitted CF. The maximum frequency change due to electrical stimulation was about 45 Hz/ms when measured during the CF component of the orientation sound. Tetanus fusion frequency of the cricothyroid muscle was about 200 Hz for continuous stimulation and 400 Hz for short stimulation applied during vocalization.