Mare Geneticum: Balancing Governance of Marine Genetic Resources in International Waters
Mare Geneticum: Balancing Governance of Marine Genetic Resources in International Waters
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DOI：
10.1163/15718085-13310030
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Muyldermans, Dominic
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Broggiato, Arianna;Vanagt, Thomas;Muyldermans, Dominic
一个公平有效的制度，规范国家管辖范围以外区域（ABNJ）海洋遗传资源（MGR）的惠益分享，必须考虑发展中国家的参与，支持科学研究并保护私营部门的投资。当前的创新提案通过基于开放获取的方法确保了微妙的平衡，尽管存在局限性。方便获取 ABNJ 中的 MGR，但前提是公开发布所收集的样本和原始数据。采用开放获取原则保证了强有力的非货币惠益分享形式。通过选择延长禁运期来维持平衡，允许样本和数据在一定期限内保密，并支付给生物多样性贡献基金。货币利益分享作为部门协商的收入百分比，可以在产品商业化时实施，并将提供一个交易成本较低的有形支付系统。
A fair and effective regime regulating benefit-sharing of marine genetic resources (MGR) in areas beyond national jurisdiction (ABNJ) must consider the inclusion of developing states, support scientific research and safeguard investments of the private sector. The present innovative proposal ensures a delicate balance through an approach based on open access, albeit with limitations. Access to MGR in ABNJ is facilitated, but conditional on the public release of collected samples and raw data. Adoption of the open access principle guarantees a powerful form of non-monetary benefit-sharing. The balance is maintained by the option for an extended embargo period, allowing samples and data to be kept confidential for a certain period, against payment to a biodiversity contribution fund. Monetary benefit-sharing, as a sector-negotiated percentage on revenue, could be imposed at the point of product commercialisation, and would offer a tangible payment system with a low transaction cost.