Rebuilding the Harm Principle: Using an Evolutionary Perspective to Provide a New Foundation for Justice
Rebuilding the Harm Principle: Using an Evolutionary Perspective to Provide a New Foundation for Justice
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重建伤害原则：用进化的视角为正义提供新的基础
DOI：
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
T. Wyatt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Gibney;T. Wyatt
根据穆勒（1859）的定义，“伤害原则”开始主导关于犯罪和司法系统适当反应的法律的辩论，有效地取代了现代世俗社会中官方对道德的谈论。然而，由于没有公认的损害定义，也没有在相互竞争的索赔之间作出裁决的方法，损害原则已经崩溃。为了解决这个问题，我们提出了一个定义的“好”来自进化的角度。由此，可以认识到社会的普遍目标，可以列出实现这一目标的具体目标，并可以使用伤害的新定义来修复伤害原则，恢复其支持刑法和社会正义原则的能力。
Following Mill’s (1859) definition, the ‘harm principle’ came to dominate legal debates about crime and the appropriate response of the justice system, effectively replacing official talk of morality in modern secular societies. However, the harm principle has collapsed without an accepted definition of harm or a method to adjudicate between competing claims. To address this, we propose a definition of ‘good’ derived from evolutionary perspectives. From this, a universal goal for society can be recognised, specific objectives to reach that goal can be listed, and a new definition for harm can be used to repair the harm principle and restore its ability to underpin criminal law and the principles of justice in society.