An economic analysis of the “Home Appliance Eco-Point System” in Japan
An economic analysis of the “Home Appliance Eco-Point System” in Japan
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DOI：
10.1007/s10018-016-0156-3
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发表时间：
2016-04
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
K. Akao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Akao
家电生态积分制度是日本政府于2009年5月至2011年3月实施的补贴计划。该系统有两个特点。首先，补贴是以生态积分的形式提供的，生态积分只能兑换环保商品。第二，这是一项针对耐用品的替换补贴计划，终止日期不确定。我们调查这些功能的政策含义。我们表明，如果生态点可以兑换任何商品（即，如果实施简单的折扣方案而不是生态点制度），可以以较低的补贴率取得同样的结果，从而使用较少的财政资源。关于生态点制度作为一种替代补贴，我们表明，不确定的终止有相同的效果，增加补贴：都加速更换。不确定性是补贴的替代品，从而节省了政府的财政资源。然而，有两个福利问题：（a）加速从环境角度来看可能不可取，（B）它使家庭付出了预期效用的代价。
The Home Appliance Eco-Point System was a subsidy program implemented by the Japanese government from May 2009 to March 2011. The system has two features. First, the subsidy was provided in the form of eco-points that were only exchangeable for environmentally friendly goods. Second, it was a replacement subsidy program for durable goods with uncertain termination dates. We investigate the policy implications of these features. We show that if the eco-points are exchangeable for any goods (i.e., if a simple rebate program rather than an eco-point system is implemented), the same outcome can be achieved at a lower subsidy rate and thus using fewer financial resources. Regarding the eco-point system as a replacement subsidy, we show that the uncertain termination has the same effect as an increase in the subsidy: both accelerate the replacement. Uncertainty is a substitute for a subsidy, thus saving the financial resources of the government. However, there are two welfare concerns: (a) acceleration may not be desirable in terms of the environment, and (b) it costs households their expected utility.