Radiation-Induced Effects on Microstructure**Prepared for the Oak Ridge National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC05-000R22725
Radiation-Induced Effects on Microstructure**Prepared for the Oak Ridge National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC05-000R22725
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DOI：
10.1016/b978-0-08-056033-5.00003-3
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Zinkle
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Zinkle
用足够能量产生原子位移的粒子辐照材料，可以引起重大的微观结构变化，从晶体到非晶态的相变，到晶格中大量点缺陷或溶质聚集体的产生。这些微观结构变化通常会导致辐照材料的物理和机械性能发生重大变化。各种先进的微结构表征工具可用于研究粒子辐照引起的微结构变化，包括电子显微镜、原子探针场离子显微镜、X射线散射和光谱分析、卢瑟福背散射光谱分析、核反应分析和中子散射和光谱分析。已经发表了大量综述，总结了与电子3-6和重离子或中子4、7-20辐照有关的材料的微观结构变化。这些综述主要集中在纯金属5-10、12-14、16、19以及模型合金、3、9、13、14钢、11、20和陶瓷材料3、4、15、17、18。在本章中，总结了粒子辐照产生的常见缺陷团簇形态，并对影响辐照材料微观结构演变的一些关键物理参数进行了概述。然后总结了微结构变化与物理和力学性能演变之间的关系，特别强调了辐射诱导性能退化的八个关键现象。给出了金属和陶瓷材料的辐照微结构的典型例子。本综述不讨论辐射引起的聚合物等有机材料微观结构的变化。
Irradiation of materials with particles that are sufficiently energetic to create atomic displacements can induce significant microstructural alteration, ranging from crystalline-to-amorphous phase transitions to the generation of large concentrations of point defect or solute aggregates in crystalline lattices. These microstructural changes typically cause significant changes in the physical and mechanical properties of the irradiated material. A variety of advanced microstructural characterization tools are available to examine the microstructural changes induced by particle irradiation, including electron microscopy, atom probe field ion microscopy, X-ray scattering and spectrometry, Rutherford backscattering spectrometry, nuclear reaction analysis, and neutron scattering and spectrometry. 1, 2 Numerous reviews, which summarize the microstructural changes in materials associated with electron 3–6 and heavy ion or neutron 4, 7–20 irradiation, have been published. These reviews have focused on pure metals 5–10, 12–14, 16, 19 as well as model alloys, 3, 9, 13, 14 steels, 11, 20 and ceramic 3, 4, 15, 17, 18 materials.In this chapter, the commonly observed defect cluster morphologies produced by particle irradiation are summarized and an overview is presented on some of the key physical parameters that have a major influence on microstructural evolution of irradiated materials. The relationship between microstructural changes and evolution of physical and mechanical properties is then summarized, with particular emphasis on eight key radiation-induced property degradation phenomena. Typical examples of irradiated microstructures of metals and ceramic materials are presented. Radiation-induced changes in the microstructure of organic materials such as polymers are not discussed in this overview.