Tropical fruit trees as bioindicators of industrial air pollution in southeast Brazil.
Tropical fruit trees as bioindicators of industrial air pollution in southeast Brazil.
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DOI：
10.1016/s0160-4120(02)00060-0
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发表时间：
2002-11
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Regina Maria de Moraes;A. Klumpp;C. Furlan;G. Klumpp;Marisa Domingos;M. Rinaldi;I. Modesto
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Regina Maria de Moraes;A. Klumpp;C. Furlan;G. Klumpp;Marisa Domingos;M. Rinaldi;I. Modesto
番石榴，牛心番石榴和芒果在实地条件下进行了测试，作为工业空气污染的可能热带生物指标。该研究围绕巴西东南部Cubatão的工业综合体进行，该工业综合体包括23个行业，包括化肥，水泥，化工，石化和钢铁厂，有110个生产单位和260个污染物排放源。树苗暴露于环境条件在四个时期，每16周（1994年9月至1995年9月），在工业区附近沿海山区的四个不同地点进行了监测：参照区Pilavies河谷;颗粒物质、氟化物（F）、硫（S）和氮（N）化合物高度污染的Mogi河谷; Caminho do Mar（CM 1，CM 2），主要受有机污染物，S和N化合物以及二次污染物的影响;和Paranapiacaba（PP），受二次污染物，如臭氧的影响。M. indica不适应暴露地点的气候条件。在这两种番石榴，存在的可见症状，根冠比，叶片中的F，S和N的含量，抗坏血酸（AA）和水溶性硫醇（-SH）的量，以及过氧化物酶活性（POD）进行了测定。番石榴叶片的氟、硫、氮积累量高于牛鞭草，生化指标变化显著，叶片损伤程度较牛鞭草轻。番石榴在热带气候中可作为一种蓄积性指示植物，而美洲番石榴作为一种敏感物种应用于生物监测尚需进一步研究。
Psidium guajava L., Psidium cattleyanum Sabine and Mangifera indica L. were tested under field conditions as possible tropical bioindicators of industrial air pollution. The study was performed around the industrial complex of Cubatão, SE Brazil, which comprises 23 industries, including fertilizer, cement, chemical, petrochemical, and steel plants, with 110 production units and 260 emission sources of pollutants. Saplings were exposed to environmental conditions during four periods of 16 weeks each (September 1994–September 1995), at four different sites in the coastal mountains near the industrial complex: the Valley of Pilões River (VP), the reference area; the Valley of Mogi River (VM), with high contamination of particulate matter, fluorides (F), sulfur (S) and nitrogen (N) compounds; Caminho do Mar (CM1, CM2), mainly affected by organic pollutants, S and N compounds, and secondary pollutants; and Paranapiacaba (PP), affected by secondary pollutants, such as ozone. M. indica did not adapt to the climatic conditions at the exposure sites. In the two Psidium species, the presence of visible symptoms, root/shoot ratio, foliar contents of F, S and N, amounts of ascorbate (AA) and water-soluble thiols (–SH), as well as peroxidase activity (POD) were determined. P. guajava showed higher foliar accumulation of F, S and N, more pronounced alterations of biochemical indicators, and less visible leaf injury than P. cattleyanum. P. guajava may be used as an accumulative indicator in tropical climates, while further studies will be needed before P. cattleyanum might be applied as a sensitive species in biomonitoring programs.