A Spatially Explicit Model for Mapping Headwater Streams
A Spatially Explicit Model for Mapping Headwater Streams
复制标题
用于绘制水源流图的空间显式模型
DOI：
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Rubino
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Periann P. Russell;S. M. Gale;Breda Muñoz;John R. Dorney;M. Rubino
源头溪流是排水网络中的主要水源，是连接周围景观和更大的下游地表水的关键水文纽带。包括北卡罗来纳州在内的许多州都对源头溪流及其附近的活动进行监管，以保护水质和水产资源。监管管理的一个基本工具是在地图上准确地表示河流。由于资源有限，无法对大范围内的每一条源头及其源头进行实地测绘。更实际的做法是在实地数据样本的基础上建立源流模型，然后将其外推到更大的感兴趣区域。北卡罗来纳州水质司开发了一种经济高效的方法，用于模拟和绘制源头溪流的位置、长度和流量分类(间歇性和常年性)。对于三叠纪盆地生态区的流域，我们使用了结合野外数据和地形导数的多元Logistic回归方法。现场数据是使用一种确定源头溪流和源头的标准方法收集的。地形导数是由裸露的光探测和距离数据内插的数字高程模型生成的。在有无河流、河流长度和常年河流长度的分类上，模型的准确率达到了80%以上，但在预测间歇性河流长度方面并不一致。
Headwater streams are the primary sources of water in a drainage network and serve as a critical hydrologic link between the surrounding landscape and larger, downstream surface waters. Many states, including North Carolina, regulate activity in and near headwater streams for the protection of water quality and aquatic resources. A fundamental tool for regulatory management is an accurate representation of streams on a map. Limited resources preclude field mapping every headwater stream and its origin across a large region. It is more practical to develop a model for headwater streams based on a sample of field data that can then be extrapolated to a larger area of interest. The North Carolina Division of Water Quality has developed a cost‐effective method for modeling and mapping the location, length, and flow classification (intermittent and perennial) of headwater streams. We used a multiple logistic regression approach that combined field data and terrain derivatives for watersheds located in the Triassic Basins ecoregion. Field data were collected using a standard methodology for identifying headwater streams and origins. Terrain derivatives were generated from digital elevation models interpolated from bare‐earth Light Detection and Range data. Model accuracies greater than 80% were achieved in classifying stream presence and absence, stream length and perennial stream length, but were not as consistent in predicting intermittent stream length.