Electrospun Carbon Fibers Replace Metals as a Current Collector in Supercapacitors
Electrospun Carbon Fibers Replace Metals as a Current Collector in Supercapacitors
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DOI：
10.1021/acsaem.9b00854
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发表时间：
2019-08-01
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Oschatz, Martin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Josef, Elinor;Yan, Runyu;Oschatz, Martin
迈向完全无金属电化学能源装置的最后一步需要用导电碳取代金属集电器。本文描述了使用来自静电纺丝聚（离子液体）的碳纤维作为集流体。通过用小有机酸进行离子交联，然后在N2下加热至950 ℃以产生导电和独立的碳纤维网来稳定纤维。将所得碳纤维用作EDLC中的集流体，在水性（1 M Na 2SO 4水溶液）和有机（1 M四氟硼酸四乙基铵乙腈溶液）电解质中。在这两种情况下，碳纤维的性能优于已建立的碳涂层铝箔，并显示出与铂相当的性能。它们在高达40 A g（-1）的电流密度下工作，没有明显的电阻率迹象。我们发现，由纺丝产生的纳米结构和使用PIL作为碳前体对于获得这种性能至关重要。这些碳纤维仅占铝集电器重量的2-10%，因此增加了整个电池的重量能量密度。PIL衍生的碳纤维可能是未来双电层电容器应用的一种有前途的廉价和无金属的替代品。
The final step toward a completely metal-free electrochemical energy device requires the replacement of the metal current collector with conductive carbon. This article describes the use of carbon fibers derived from electrospun poly(ionic liquid) as the current collector. Fibers were stabilized by ionic cross-linking with a small organic acid, followed by heating to 950 degrees C under N-2 to create a conductive and free-standing carbon fleece. The resultant carbon fibers were utilized as current collectors in EDLCs in both aqueous (1 M Na2SO4 in water) and organic (1 M tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate in acetonitrile) electrolytes. In both cases, carbon fibers outperformed the established carbon-coated aluminum foil and showed performances comparable to platinum. They operated at current densities of up to 40 A g(-1) without significant signs of resistivity. We found that both the nanostructure resulting from spinning and the use of PIL as a carbon precursor are crucial in obtaining this performance. These carbon fibers are only 2-10% the weight of the aluminum current collector and thus increase the gravimetric energy density of the whole cell. PIL-derived carbon fibers could be a promising inexpensive and metal-free alternative for future electric double-layer capacitor applications.