'Lung cancer and tobacco consumption': technical evaluation of the 1943 paper by Schairer and Schoeniger published in Nazi Germany.
'Lung cancer and tobacco consumption': technical evaluation of the 1943 paper by Schairer and Schoeniger published in Nazi Germany.
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“肺癌与烟草消费”：对 Schairer 和 Schoeniger 1943 年在纳粹德国发表的论文的技术评估。
DOI：
10.1136/jech-2012-201853
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Morabia,Alfredo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Morabia,Alfredo
关于纳粹德国的科学家是否使用最新的流行病学方法来调查烟草与肺癌的关系的讨论，主要是出于意识形态而不是技术上的考虑。一些历史学家和流行病学家对“这个邪恶的政权会不会产生一些好的东西？”的回答是肯定的，他们认为，由于痴迷于种族纯洁和健康，纳粹在烟草和健康的影响研究方面走在了时代的前列。然而，奇怪的是，很少有人注意到这种材料在设计和分析方法方面的技术质量，以及它与1945年前的流行病学研究相比如何。一个很能说明问题的事实是，在第三帝国时期发表的两篇论文中，穆勒于1939年发表的第一篇报告烟草与肺癌之间的联系，直到2012年第一次将选定的部分翻译成英语，才能作为主要文件提供给不懂德语的人。3就像我为穆勒1939年发表的论文所做的那样，3我在这里继续对发表在纳粹德国的第二篇以及最近发表的烟草与肺癌论文进行技术评估。这篇题为“肺癌与烟草消费”的论文4于1943年8月27日以德文提交给《癌症研究杂志》，并于1943年在第54卷第4期发表。它
Ideological rather than technical considerations have dominated the discussion over whether or not scientists in Nazi Germany used up-to-date epidemiological methods to investigate the relation of tobacco to lung cancer. To the question ‘could something good have emanated from this evil regime?’some historians1 and epidemiologists2 have responded affirmatively, suggesting that because of an obsession with racial purity and health, the Nazis had been ahead of their time in terms of research on the effect of tobacco and health. Strangely, however, little attention has been given to the technical quality of this material, in terms of design and analytic methods, and to how it compared with pre-1945 epidemiological research. A telling fact is that the first of the two papers reporting associations between tobacco and lung cancer published during the Third Reich, by Mueller, which appeared in 1939, remained unavailable as a primary document for people who do not read German until selected portions were translated into English for the first time in 2012. 3As I did for Mueller’s 1939 paper, 3 I proceed here with a technical evaluation of the second, and more recent, tobacco and lung cancer paper published in Nazi Germany. The paper entitled ‘Lung Cancer and Tobacco Consumption’4 was submitted, in German, to the Zeitung fuer Krebsforschung (Journal of Cancer Research) on 27 August 1943 and published in issue 4 of volume 54 in 1943. It