Creating an African HIV Clinical Research and Prevention Trials Network: HIV Prevalence, Incidence and Transmission
Creating an African HIV Clinical Research and Prevention Trials Network: HIV Prevalence, Incidence and Transmission
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0116100
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发表时间：
2015-01-20
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Gilmour, Jill
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kamali, Anatoli;Price, Matt A.;Gilmour, Jill
艾滋病毒流行病学为预防试验设计和方案规划提供信息。撒哈拉以南非洲的9个临床研究中心（CRC）在艾滋病毒感染风险人群中开展了艾滋病毒观察流行病学研究，作为艾滋病毒预防和疫苗试验网络的一部分。艾滋病毒的年发病率从2%以下到10%以上不等，并因结直肠癌和风险群体而异，在艾滋病毒不和谐关系中的赞比亚男性、来自维多利亚湖捕鱼社区的乌干达男性、男男性行为者和几个女性群体中，发病率均高于5%。在研究的头三个月之后，随着时间的推移，艾滋病毒的发病率趋于下降。在疑似传播对中，28%的艾滋病毒感染并非来自报告的性伴侣。高发病率的志愿者被成功识别并纳入大规模队列研究。超过四分之一的夫妇中新病例是从疑似传播伴侣以外的人那里获得感染的。
HIV epidemiology informs prevention trial design and program planning. Nine clinical research centers (CRC) in sub-Saharan Africa conducted HIV observational epidemiology studies in populations at risk for HIV infection as part of an HIV prevention and vaccine trial network. Annual HIV incidence ranged from below 2% to above 10% and varied by CRC and risk group, with rates above 5% observed in Zambian men in an HIV-discordant relationship, Ugandan men from Lake Victoria fishing communities, men who have sex with men, and several cohorts of women. HIV incidence tended to fall after the first three months in the study and over calendar time. Among suspected transmission pairs, 28% of HIV infections were not from the reported partner. Volunteers with high incidence were successfully identified and enrolled into large scale cohort studies. Over a quarter of new cases in couples acquired infection from persons other than the suspected transmitting partner.