'Design for policy' from below: grassroots framing and political negotiation
'Design for policy' from below: grassroots framing and political negotiation
复制标题
自下而上的“政策设计”：基层框架和政治谈判
DOI：
10.1080/25741292.2022.2141487
复制
发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
7
通讯作者：
Vaz F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vaz F
虽然设计政治在设计领域越来越受到关注，但在实践中，政策设计已被规范地呈现为以人为本的公共政策制定方法，没有政治或意识形态议程。到目前为止，政策设计一直被认为是嵌入在政府结构中的，因此对公共决策采取了技术官僚、内部和自上而下的方法和理解。我们认为，大多数情况下，这种理解和政策设计的实践建立和调解公共问题的政府机构解决这些问题的立场。在本文中，我们采取了一个新的和独特的出发点，设计的政策，其中设计是从下到上的集体行动过程中的决策实践中所隐含的。“自下而上的政策设计”从政府内部的透镜转向社会行动者与政府之间的协商交流。反过来，这又为获得政治支持和利用努力向权力结构施加压力以承认和采用政策框架和选择所需的战略集体行动提供了信息。为此，我们研究了冲突的权力动态和谈判为基础的方法来影响政府的决策过程和模型之间的混乱的相互作用政府主导的决策和社会创新者的活动，旨在改变政策的结果。最后，我们将这些见解综合成一个概念模型，为我们如何更批判性地理解设计理论和决策实践中的政治提供了一个新的观点。
Whilst design politics is an increasingly topical focus in the design field, in practice, design for policy has been normatively presented as a people-centric approach to public policymaking devoid of political or ideological agendas. Up to now, design for policy has exclusively been conceived as embedded within governmental structures, thus adopting a technocratic, internal, and top-down approach to, and understanding of, public policymaking. We argue that most often, this understanding and practice of design for policy establishes and mediates public problems from the standpoint of the government body addressing those problems. In this paper, we take a new and distinct point of departure to design for policy in which design is implicated in the practice of policymaking from below through processes of collective action. Design for Policy from Below moves from an intra-governmental lens to a negotiated exchange between social actors and government. In turn, this informs strategic collective action required to gain political support and leverage efforts to pressure power structures to acknowledge and adopt policy frames and options. To this end, we examine the conflictual power dynamics and negotiation-based approaches to influencing government policymaking processes and model the messy interplay between government-led policymaking and the activities of social innovators aiming at changing policy outcomes. Finally, we synthesize these insights into a conceptual model offering a novel viewpoint on how we can more critically understand the politics at play in design theory and practice engaged with policymaking.