Black Feminist Theories of Motherhood and Generation: Histories of Black Infant and Child Loss in the United States
Black Feminist Theories of Motherhood and Generation: Histories of Black Infant and Child Loss in the United States
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黑人女权主义的母性和生育理论：美国黑人婴儿和儿童流失的历史
DOI：
10.1086/710805
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
L. Simmons
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Simmons
在整个二十世纪，美国黑人女性的婴儿死亡率至少是白人女性的两倍。通过对20世纪30年代在美国南部收集的口述历史--前奴隶叙事和联邦作家项目采访--的分析，我详细说明了帕特里夏·希尔·柯林斯所说的“黑人妇女对母亲的立场”。从受访者对失去婴儿和儿童的讨论中，产生了两个概念：世代和黑人关系，这使得黑人母亲的理论与生存和记忆联系在一起。世代的概念揭示了20世纪30年代黑人妇女如何将自己定义为在解放后照顾孩子，但又通过自己的母亲和祖母继承了无时无刻不在的奴役过去。黑人女性表达了一种自我和幸福的感觉，这是在与祖先和未出生的人交谈中表达的。
Throughout the twentieth century, Black women in the United States experienced at least double the rates of infant mortality experienced by white women. Through an analysis of oral histories collected in the US South in the 1930s—ex-slave narratives and Federal Writer’s Project interviews—I detail what Patricia Hill Collins terms a “Black women’s standpoint on mothering.” From interviewees’ discussions of infant and child loss emerge twin concepts of generation and Black relationality, which enable a theory of Black motherhood as connected to survival and remembrance. The concept of generation reveals how Black women in the 1930s defined themselves as mothering their children after Emancipation and yet as inheriting the ever-present enslaved past through their own mothers and grandmothers. Black women articulated a sense of self and well-being that was in conversation with the ancestors and unborn.