Cigarette smoke exposure greatly increases alcohol consumption in adolescent C57BL/6 mice.
Cigarette smoke exposure greatly increases alcohol consumption in adolescent C57BL/6 mice.
复制标题
接触香烟烟雾会大大增加青少年 C57BL/6 小鼠的饮酒量。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1530-0277.2012.01911.x
复制
发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Proctor,WilliamR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Burns,BenjaminE;Proctor,WilliamR
背景酒精和烟草经常一起使用，与不吸烟者相比，吸烟者中酒精中毒更为常见。对人类的研究表明，尼古丁（香烟烟雾中的一种活性成分）可以增加酒精的消耗。对大鼠和小鼠的研究显示了混合的结果;一些研究报告尼古丁增加了酒精消耗，而另一些研究则显示饮酒量减少。由于香烟烟雾中含有许多其他化学物质，这些化学物质也可能在酒精消费中发挥重要作用。例如，这些其他成分中的2种，单胺氧化酶抑制剂和乙醛，增加啮齿动物的酒精耐受性和/或酒精消耗。本研究旨在研究香烟烟雾如何改变青少年C57 BL/6小鼠的酒精自我给药，这是青少年人类开始滥用药物的关键时间。方法将C57 BL/6雄性小鼠（4至5周龄）在黑暗中驯化3周，每天2小时摄入10%（w/v）酒精溶液。随后，一半的动物暴露于香烟烟雾6小时/天，持续16天。将其余动物（对照组）置于无烟相邻室中。紧接着6小时的时间内在商会，对照组和烟雾暴露的小鼠获得的10%的酒精溶液2 hours.ResultsAnimals暴露于香烟烟雾为6小时/天消耗约3至5倍以上的酒精比对照组的小鼠在整个16天的研究。吸烟组小鼠的血液酒精浓度几乎是对照组小鼠的4倍。结论香烟烟雾增加的酒精消耗量比报道的青少年啮齿动物单独使用尼古丁治疗的研究高出几倍。因此，该模型应该有助于确定香烟烟雾中其他生物活性成分的作用，这些成分可能在吸烟和饮酒的高共同滥用中起重要作用。
BackgroundAlcohol and tobacco are often used together, and alcoholism is much more common among smokers compared with nonsmokers. Studies in humans suggest that nicotine (an active ingredient in cigarette smoke) can increase the consumption of alcohol. Research on rats and mice demonstrated mixed results; some studies report that nicotine increases alcohol consumption, while others show a decrease in drinking. Because cigarette smoke includes many other chemicals, these also may play a significant role in alcohol consumption. For example, 2 of these other constituents, monoamine oxidase inhibitors and acetaldehyde, increase alcohol tolerance and/or alcohol consumption in rodents. This study was designed to investigate how cigarette smoke from tobacco may modify self‐administration of alcohol in adolescent C57BL/6 mice, a critical time when adolescent humans begin abusing drugs.MethodsC57BL/6 male mice (4 to 5 weeks old) were acclimated for 3 weeks to consume a 10% (w/v) alcohol solution during a 2‐hour daily access in the dark. Subsequently, half the animals were exposed to cigarette smoke for 6 h/d for 16 days. The remaining animals (control) were placed in a smoke‐free adjacent chamber. Immediately following the 6‐hour period in the chambers, the control and smoke‐exposed mice were given access to the 10% alcohol solution for 2 hours.ResultsAnimals exposed to cigarette smoke for 6 h/d consumed approximately 3‐ to 5‐fold more alcohol than the mice in the control group throughout the 16‐day study. The mice in the smoke group had a blood alcohol concentration that was nearly 4‐fold that of the control mice.ConclusionsCigarette smoke increases alcohol consumption several fold higher than reported studies using nicotine treatment alone in adolescent rodents. Thus, this model should be useful to determine the roles of other bioactive components in cigarette smoke that may be important in the high co‐abuse of smoking and alcohol consumption.