Does the feedback from previous trials influence current decisions? A study on the role of feedback processing in making decisions under explicit risk conditions
Does the feedback from previous trials influence current decisions? A study on the role of feedback processing in making decisions under explicit risk conditions
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DOI：
10.1348/174866407x220607
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发表时间：
2008-09-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Brand, Matthias
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Brand, Matthias
决策情况经常提供有关得失金额和获胜概率的信息。在这些条件下的决策中，也被称为风险条件，反馈和执行功能的使用都被证明影响决策过程，这在不同的患者群体中得到了揭示。然而，到目前为止，提供反馈在风险条件下检查决策的任务中的影响还没有被实验研究。这就是本研究的目的。为此，对健康个体的样本进行了骰子游戏任务的检查，这是一项明确提供得失规则的决策任务，参与者在每次试验后都会收到反馈。此外，对这项任务进行了修改，删除了每次试验后的反馈意见和所有相关的反馈内容。结果表明，在没有反馈的情况下，参与者在修改的骰子任务中的表现较差。当他们在选择后没有收到反馈时，他们会更频繁地选择不利的替代方案。任一版本的任务表现都与执行功能相关。结论：在风险条件下的决策中，执行功能以及先前试验后反馈的使用都是实现最佳绩效的重要组成部分。结果对解释神经心理障碍患者的决策缺陷有一定的意义，因为分类和其他认知过程中的障碍以及情绪功能障碍都会影响高风险情况下的决策。
Decision situations frequently provide information about the amount of gains and losses and winning probabilities. In decisions under these conditions, also called risk conditions, both the use of feedback and executive functions have been shown to influence the decision-making process, as revealed in different patient populations. However, the influence of offering feedback in tasks examining decisions under risk conditions has not been investigated experimentally, so far. This was the aim of the present study. For this purpose, a sample of healthy individuals was examined with the Game of Dice Task, a decision-making task that explicitly provides the rules for gains and losses and in which participants receive feedback after each trial. In addition, a modified version of this task was performed, in which the feedback after each trial and all associated feedback components were removed. Results indicate that participants had a lower performance in the modified Dice Task without feedback. They selected the disadvantageous alternatives more frequently, when they did not receive feedback following their choices. Task performance in either version was correlated with executive functioning. Conclusion: In decisions under risk conditions, both executive functions as well as the use of feedback following previous trials are important components for optimal performance. Results have implications for the interpretation of deficient decision making in patients with neuropsychological impairments as both disturbances in categorization and other cognitive processes as well as emotional dysfunctions can compromise decision making in risky situations.