Can Kant’s Theory of Radical Evil Be Saved?

Can Kant’s Theory of Radical Evil Be Saved?
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康德的极端邪恶理论还能被拯救吗?

DOI:
10.1017/s1369415417000140
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发表时间:
2017
期刊:
影响因子:
0.5
通讯作者:
Zachary J. Goldberg
Zachary J. Goldberg
中科院分区:
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文献类型:
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作者:
Zachary J. Goldberg

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在这篇文章中,我评估了三个当代批评康德的恶的理论,以评估他的理论是否可以保存。批评者认为,康德没有充分区分邪恶和世俗的不法行为,使他使用的术语“邪恶”的情感夸张;通过定义邪恶的道德法则的自我爱的从属关系,他的分析似乎过于简单化和经验错误;仅仅关注作恶者的道德品质,康德的理论显然忽视了邪恶最突出的方面--受害者的痛苦。虽然我不会声称康德为我们提供了一个完全足够的邪恶理论,但我回应了这些批评,并得出结论,康德的理论仍然可以为邪恶的本质和邪恶肇事者的道德心理提供重要的见解。
In this article, I assess three contemporary criticisms levelled at Kant’s theory of evil in order to evaluate whether his theory can be saved. Critics argue that Kant does not adequately distinguish between evil and mundane wrongdoing, making his use of the term ‘evil’ emotional hyperbole; by defining evil as the subordination of the moral law to self-love his analysis is seemingly overly simplistic and empirically false; and by focusing solely on the moral character of the perpetrator of evil, Kant’s theory apparently ignores the most salient aspect of evil – the suffering of victims. While I will not claim that Kant provides us with a fully adequate theory of evil, I respond to each of these criticisms and conclude that Kant’s theory can still provide significant insight into both the nature of evil and the moral psychology of perpetrators of evil.
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