Undesirable evolutionary consequences of trophy hunting
Undesirable evolutionary consequences of trophy hunting
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DOI：
10.1038/nature02177
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发表时间：
2003-12-11
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Festa-Bianchet, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Coltman, DW;O'Donoghue, P;Festa-Bianchet, M
基于表型的选择性收获，包括战利品狩猎，如果它们针对可遗传的性状，则可以对可持续野生动物管理产生重要影响（1 - 3）。在这里，我们表明，在一个进化的反应，体育狩猎的大角奖杯公羊（Ovis canadensis）的体重和角的大小随着时间的推移显着下降。我们使用定量遗传分析，基于对野生种群进行的30年研究的部分遗传重建谱系，其中战利品狩猎针对具有快速生长角的公羊（4），以探索对公羊体重和角大小的猎人选择的进化反应。这两个特征是高度遗传的，和奖杯收获公羊显着更高的遗传“育种价值”的重量和角的大小比公羊没有收获。高育种价值的公羊也在早期被射杀，因此没有实现高繁殖成功率（5）。在平均育种值下降的重量和角的大小，因此发生在响应无限制的战利品狩猎，导致生产小角，轻公羊，和更少的战利品。
Phenotype- based selective harvests, including trophy hunting, can have important implications for sustainable wildlife management if they target heritable traits(1 - 3). Here we show that in an evolutionary response to sport hunting of bighorn trophy rams ( Ovis canadensis) body weight and horn size have declined significantly over time. We used quantitative genetic analyses, based on a partly genetically reconstructed pedigree from a 30- year study of a wild population in which trophy hunting targeted rams with rapidly growing horns(4), to explore the evolutionary response to hunter selection on ram weight and horn size. Both traits were highly heritable, and trophy- harvested rams were of significantly higher genetic ' breeding value' for weight and horn size than rams that were not harvested. Rams of high breeding value were also shot at an early age, and thus did not achieve high reproductive success(5). Declines in mean breeding values for weight and horn size therefore occurred in response to unrestricted trophy hunting, resulting in the production of smaller- horned, lighter rams, and fewer trophies.