Child marriage practices among the Rohingya in Bangladesh
Child marriage practices among the Rohingya in Bangladesh
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DOI：
10.1186/s13031-020-00274-0
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发表时间：
2020-05-25
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Amin, Sajeda
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Melnikas, Andrea J.;Ainul, Sigma;Amin, Sajeda
背景以前的研究表明，在危机和不安全时期，由于资源稀缺，童婚可能会加速，童婚可能是女孩及其家庭的生存策略。2017年，罗兴亚人因缅甸暴力升级而大规模流离失所到孟加拉国。这种流离失所的情况导致估计有近100万罗兴亚人生活在考克斯巴扎尔。方法我们进行了深入的访谈（n = 48）和焦点小组讨论（n = 12）与罗兴亚男性和女性青少年和年轻人（14-24岁），项目经理和服务提供商（n = 24）在考克斯的巴扎尔工作，以了解他们的生活或工作在营地的经验，偏好的时间结婚，在缅甸和在营地的婚姻习俗。我们还采访了收容社区的孟加拉人，以补充我们对难民营中婚姻及其在更广泛社区中影响的理解。我们的主要目标是描述流离失所如何影响婚姻的时间和做法。我们发现，童婚是罗兴亚人中一种强烈的文化现象，主要植根于围绕婚姻准备的社会文化和宗教信仰。虽然缅甸的罗兴亚人实行童婚，但特定的国家法律和军队的压迫阻止了许多人在18岁之前结婚。现在，这种偏好在孟加拉国的难民营中更容易实施，流离失所的罗兴亚人经历的婚姻管制较少。东道社区参与者认为，罗辛亚人的存在鼓励了他们社区的一夫多妻制和童婚，导致东道社区之间的紧张关系。我们的研究结果支持这样的证据，即冲突和流离失所加剧了性别不平等，从而增加了已经容易发生童婚的人群中的童婚。然而，我们的研究结果也表明，围绕宗教和文化偏好的群体规范在婚姻的流离失所后行为中发挥了重要作用。
Background Previous research suggests that child marriage may be accelerated during times of crisis and insecurity as resources are scarce and child marriage may be a survival strategy for girls and their families. In 2017, the Rohingya experienced a mass displacement to Bangladesh in response to escalating violence in Myanmar. This displacement has resulted in an estimated population of nearly 1 million Rohingya living in Cox's Bazar. Methods We conducted in-depth interviews (n = 48) and focus group discussions (n = 12) with Rohingya male and female adolescents and young adults (14-24 years), and program managers and service providers (n = 24) working in Cox's Bazar to understand their experience of living or working in the camps, preferences for timing of marriage, and marriage practices in Myanmar and in the camps. We also interviewed Bangladeshis in the host community to complement our understanding of marriage in the camps and its influence in the broader community. Our primary objective was to describe how displacement influenced marriage timing and practices. Results We found that child marriage is a strong cultural phenomenon among the Rohingya, primarily rooted in socio-cultural and religious beliefs around readiness for marriage. Although child marriage was practiced by the Rohingya in Myanmar, specific state law and oppression by military forces prevented many from marrying before age 18. Now this preference is more easily practiced in the camps in Bangladesh where the displaced Rohingya experience less marriage regulation. Host community participants perceive the presence of the Rohingya as encouraging both polygamy and child marriage in their communities, leading to tension among the host community. Conclusions Our findings support evidence that conflict and displacement increase child marriage in populations already vulnerable to child marriage by exacerbating gender inequities. However, our findings also suggest group norms around religious and cultural preferences for age at marriage play a significant role in post-displacement behaviors surrounding marriage.