The Response of Black Hole Spark Gaps to External Changes: A Production Mechanism of Rapid TeV Flares?
The Response of Black Hole Spark Gaps to External Changes: A Production Mechanism of Rapid TeV Flares?
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DOI：
10.3847/1538-4357/ac35da
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发表时间：
2021-08
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Kisaka;A. Levinson;K. Toma;Idan Niv
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作者：
S. Kisaka;A. Levinson;K. Toma;Idan Niv
利用一维广义相对论粒子模拟方法，研究了处于饥饿状态的Kerr黑洞磁层对盘发射强度突变和全球磁层电流突变的响应.这种变化可能是由于吸积过程的不稳定性引起的。我们发现，在由软盘光子贡献的成对产生不透明度是适度的情况下，例如，M87，这样的变化可以引起延迟，强烈的太电子伏特（TeV）耀斑，占主导地位的曲率发射粒子加速在差距。耀斑的上升时间，以及外部变化和从外间隙边界发射的耀斑的开始之间的延迟，是差距的光交叉时间的数量级。在M87中观测到的快速、大振幅TeV耀斑，或许还有其他活动星系核，都可能是由这种机制产生的。
We study the response of a starved Kerr black hole magnetosphere to abrupt changes in the intensity of disk emission and in the global magnetospheric current, by means of one-dimensional general relativistic particle-in-cell simulations. Such changes likely arise from the intermittency of the accretion process. We find that in cases where the pair-production opacity contributed by the soft disk photons is modest, as in, e.g., M87, such changes can give rise to delayed, strong teraelectronvolt (TeV) flares, dominated by curvature emission of particles accelerated in the gap. The flare rise time, and the delay between the external variation and the onset of the flare emitted from the outer gap boundary, are of the order of the light-crossing time of the gap. The rapid, large-amplitude TeV flares observed in M87, and perhaps, other active galactic nuclei may be produced by such a mechanism.