Epidemiology of alcohol and medication as aids to sleep in early adulthood
Epidemiology of alcohol and medication as aids to sleep in early adulthood
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DOI：
10.1093/sleep/21.2.178
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发表时间：
1998-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Breslau, N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Johnson, EO;Roehrs, T;Breslau, N
研究目的：在18-45岁的成年人的代表性样本中，这项研究解决了三个关于一般人群使用助眠剂的问题：（1）过去一年使用酒精、非处方药和处方药促进睡眠的流行率是多少？(2)在使用这些物质治疗睡眠问题的人中，使用模式是什么？（3）是否有独立于睡眠特征的社会因素增加了使用酒精和药物来帮助睡眠的可能性？设计图：1996年底特律地区调查（英语：1996 Detroit Area Survey）是一项随机数字拨号、计算机辅助的调查，对底特律主要大都市统计区的2，181名18-45岁成年人进行了代表性抽样调查。结果：在一般人群中，过去一年中使用酒精和药物辅助睡眠的情况相当普遍：13%的人使用酒精，18%的人使用药物，5%的人使用两者。使用任何物质来帮助睡眠的患病率为26%。大多数使用者的使用持续时间较短，不到1周。然而，对于大多数使用处方睡眠辅助的人来说，使用时间更长。有相当一部分使用者报告经常使用超过1个月：酒精、OTC药物和处方药分别为15%、9%和36%。社会人口统计学和睡眠特征都与酒精和药物使用有关，以帮助睡眠。入睡困难是与使用物质改善睡眠最密切相关的因素。性别、种族/民族、工作班次、婚姻状况和教育程度也与一种或多种类型的睡眠辅助剂使用调整入睡困难显著相关。
Study objectives: In a representative sample of adults 18-45 years of age, this study addressed three questions about the use of sleep aids in the general population: (1) what are the past-year prevalences of the use of alcohol, over-the-counter medication and prescription medication to facilitate sleep? (2) among those who use these substances for sleep problems, what are the patterns of use? and (3) are there social factors, independent of sleep characteristics, that increase the likelihood of alcohol and medication use to aid sleep?Design: The 1996 Detroit Area Survey was a random-digit-dial, computer-assisted survey of a representative sample of 2,181 adults ages 18-45 in the Detroit primary metropolitan statistical area. Eligible household response rate was 86.8%.Results: In the general population, use of alcohol and medication as sleep aids in the past year was found to be fairly common: 13% used alcohol, 18% used medications and 5% used both. The prevalence of any substance use to aid sleep was 26%. The duration of use was short for the majority of users, less than 1 week. However, duration of use was greater for the majority of those using prescription sleep aids. A substantial minority of users report regular use lasting longer than 1 month: 15%, 9%, and 36% for alcohol, OTC medications, and prescription medications, respectively. Both sociodemographic and sleep characteristics were associated with alcohol and medication use to aid sleep. Difficulty falling asleep was the factor most strongly associated with use of substances to improve sleep. Sex, race/ethnicity, work shift, marital status and education were also significantly associated with one or more types of sleep aid use adjusting for difficulty falling asleep.