The Toxicity of Paraquat
The Toxicity of Paraquat
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百草枯的毒性
DOI：
10.1136/oem.23.2.126
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发表时间：
1966
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hurst Ew
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Clark Dg;McElligott Tf;Hurst Ew
百草枯二氯化物和百草枯二甲硫酸盐样品在LD 50以mg表示时为等毒性。百草枯离子/kg.体重LD 50存在广泛的种属差异，当然，根据单一种属的给药途径也存在差异。对百草枯造成的病理损害作了较为详细的描述。其中最不寻常的是肺中的一种特殊增殖性疾病，在极端情况下，在许多部位几乎不能被认为是由肺组织组成的。在大鼠、小鼠、犬和人中可观察到相同的显微镜图像，但在家兔中较少见。实验证据表明，一旦出现这种情况，往往在没有进一步接触百草枯的情况下继续下去，直到致命。有证据表明，皮肤施用百草枯导致的兔子死亡，大部分不是由经皮吸收引起的，而是由角质层的口腔污染引起的。这会导致舌炎和食道炎，以及不能或不愿意吃东西。
Samples of paraquat dichloride and paraquat dimethosulphate are equitoxic when the LD50 is expressed as mg. paraquat ion/kg. body-weight. There are wide species variations in the LD50 and, of course, variations according to the route of administration in a single species. The pathological lesions attributable to paraquat are described in some detail. Among the most unusual is a peculiar proliferative condition in the lungs, which in an extreme case and in many parts can hardly be recognized as consisting of pulmonary tissue. With slight variations, the same microscopical picture may be seen in the rat, mouse, dog, and man, and less often in the rabbit. The experimental evidence suggests that once the condition is initiated it often proceeds in the absence of further exposure to paraquat until it becomes lethal. There is evidence that much of the mortality resulting from dermal application of paraquat in the rabbit is caused not by percutaneous absorption but by oral contamination from the stratum corneum. This leads to glossitis and oesophagitis and an inability or unwillingness to eat.