The middle lipin domain adopts a membrane-binding dimeric protein fold.

The middle lipin domain adopts a membrane-binding dimeric protein fold.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-021-24929-5
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发表时间:
2021-08-05
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Airola MV
Airola MV
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gu W;Gao S;Wang H;Fleming KD;Hoffmann RM;Yang JW;Patel NM;Choi YM;Burke JE;Reue K;Airola MV

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作为甘油三酯的磷脂合成和脂肪储存由脂蛋白磷脂酸磷酸酶(PAP)调节,其酶促PAP功能需要与细胞膜结合。使用氢氘交换质谱,我们发现小鼠lipin 1通过N-末端两亲性螺旋,Ig样结构域和HAD磷酸酶催化核心,以及在哺乳动物和哺乳动物样lipins中保守的中间lipin(M-Lip)结构域结合膜。M-Lip结构域的晶体结构揭示了以前未被识别的二聚化蛋白质折叠。分离的M-Lip结构域通过保守的碱性和疏水残基在体外和细胞中结合膜。Lipin 1中M-Lip结构域的缺失降低了PAP活性、膜结合和寡聚化,改变了亚细胞定位,减少了脂肪细胞分化的加速,但不影响转录共激活。这建立了M-Lip结构域作为结合膜的二聚体蛋白质折叠,并且对于哺乳动物脂蛋白的全部功能性是至关重要的。脂蛋白在发挥磷脂酸磷酸酶的功能之前需要结合细胞膜。在这里,作者阐明了脂蛋白膜结合的结构基础,并确定了一个脂蛋白结构域与一个新的蛋白质折叠,这是膜结合和脂蛋白的全部功能的关键。
Phospholipid synthesis and fat storage as triglycerides are regulated by lipin phosphatidic acid phosphatases (PAPs), whose enzymatic PAP function requires association with cellular membranes. Using hydrogen deuterium exchange mass spectrometry, we find mouse lipin 1 binds membranes through an N-terminal amphipathic helix, the Ig-like domain and HAD phosphatase catalytic core, and a middle lipin (M-Lip) domain that is conserved in mammalian and mammalian-like lipins. Crystal structures of the M-Lip domain reveal a previously unrecognized protein fold that dimerizes. The isolated M-Lip domain binds membranes both in vitro and in cells through conserved basic and hydrophobic residues. Deletion of the M-Lip domain in lipin 1 reduces PAP activity, membrane association, and oligomerization, alters subcellular localization, diminishes acceleration of adipocyte differentiation, but does not affect transcriptional co-activation. This establishes the M-Lip domain as a dimeric protein fold that binds membranes and is critical for full functionality of mammalian lipins. Lipins need to bind cell membranes before they can function as phosphatidic acid phosphatases. Here, the authors elucidate the structural basis of lipin membrane-association and identify a lipin domain with a novel protein fold that is critical for membrane binding and full functionality of lipins.
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