ANNIVERSARY ARTICLE: Improving Emergency Responsiveness with Management Science
ANNIVERSARY ARTICLE: Improving Emergency Responsiveness with Management Science
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DOI：
10.1287/mnsc.1040.0253
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发表时间：
2004-08
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
L. Green;P. Kolesar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Green;P. Kolesar
虽然OR/MS的目标是帮助决策者，但已发布模型的实施频率低于人们的期望。然而，一个受到管理科学重大影响的领域是应急响应系统。仅在20世纪70年代，就有数十篇关于紧急服务管理的论文出现在OR/MS文献中，其中许多发表在Management Science上。其中三篇论文获得了重大奖项。更重要的是，其中许多文件导致实施了大量新的政策和做法，特别是在警务和消防方面。这项工作大部分起源于纽约市，尽管许多其他城市随后采用了由此产生的模式和战略。在本文中，我们看看的背景下，内容和性质的研究和因素，导致这些早期实施的成功。然后，我们跟踪这些原始模型仍然影响应急响应系统的决策的程度。我们还研究了新的OR/MS模型和应用程序在该领域的发展步伐。最后，我们看看最近出现的国家重点关注恐怖主义的结果，并讨论了未来的OR/MS建模和应用的潜力，在紧急响应的问题。
While the goal of OR/MS is to aid decision makers, implementation of published models occurs less frequently than one might hope. However, one area that has been significantly impacted by management science is emergency response systems. Dozens of papers on emergency service management appeared in the OR/MS literature in the 1970s alone, many of which were published inManagement Science. Three of these papers won major prizes. More importantly, many of these papers led to the implementation of substantially new policies and practices, particularly in policing and firefighting. Much of this work originated in New York City, though many other cities subsequently adopted the resulting models and strategies. In this paper, we look at the context, content, and nature of the research and the factors that led to these early implementation successes. We then track the extent to which these original models are still affecting decision making in emergency response systems. We also examine the pace of development of new OR/MS models and applications in the area. Finally, we look at issues in emergency responsiveness that have emerged recently as a result of the national focus on terrorism and discuss the potential for future OR/MS modeling and application.