Green manures and poultry feather effects on soil characteristics, growth, yield, and mineral contents of tomato
Green manures and poultry feather effects on soil characteristics, growth, yield, and mineral contents of tomato
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scienta.2019.108721
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发表时间：
2019-11-17
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Adekiya, Aruna Olasekan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Adekiya, Aruna Olasekan
有机改良剂是维持土壤理化性状和作物产量的廉价有效的有机质来源。因此，在2017年和2018年进行了两次田间试验，以确定Tithonia diversifolia和香蕉叶以及家禽羽毛（PF）对番茄（Solanum lycopersicum L.）土壤特性，生长，产量和矿物质含量的单独和组合影响。治疗方法为：（i）。Tithonia叶单独施用10.0t ha（-1），（ii）。香蕉叶单独施用，10.01公顷（-1），（iii）。单独施用10.0吨/公顷的粉碎PF（-1），（四）。PF 5.0 t ha（-1）+香蕉叶5.0 t ha（-1），（v）。PF 5.0 t ha（-1）+ Tithonia叶5.0 t ha（-1），（vi）。Tithonia叶在5.0 ha（-1）+香蕉叶在5.0 t ha（-1），和（vii）。对照-无修正案。七个处理以随机完全区组设计布置，重复三次。与对照相比，绿色肥和有机肥单施或配施均显著（p < 0.05）降低了土壤容重，提高了土壤孔隙度、土壤有机质、养分含量、番茄生长量、产量和矿质元素含量。当有机肥组合时，PF + Tithonia具有最高的这些参数值。与2017年单独羽毛、单独Tithonia、单独香蕉和对照相比，PF + Tithonia使番茄产量分别增加20.0%、53.0%、77.0%和132.5%，2018年分别增加28.3%、59.2%、73.0%和237.3%。在PF + Tithonia下番茄的生长、产量和矿物质含量的增加是由于改善了土壤的物理和化学性质，并且还由于缓慢腐烂的家禽羽毛可以允许从快速分解的Tithonia中释放的营养物质保留在根区内，从而促进更高的营养物质释放和吸收效率。因此，当地来源的有机材料可用于改善土壤和作物生产力，特别是当它们结合在一起时。
Organic amendments are relatively cheap and available source of organic matter for sustaining both the physical and chemical soil characteristics, and crop yield. Therefore, two field experiments were conducted in 2017 and 2018 to determine the sole and combined effects of Tithonia diversifolia and banana leaves, and poultry feather (PF) on soil characteristics, growth, yield, and mineral contents of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). The treatments were: (i). Tithonia leaves alone applied at 10.0t ha(-1), (ii). Banana leaves alone applied at 10.01 ha(-1), (iii). Crushed PF alone applied at 10.0 t ha(-1) , (iv). PF at 5.0 t ha(-1) + banana leaves at 5.0 t ha(-1), (v). PF at 5.0 t ha(-1) + Tithonia leaves at 5.0 t ha(-1), (vi). Tithonia leaves at 5.0 tha(-1) + Banana leaves at 5.0 t ha(-1), and (vii). Control - no amendment. The seven treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Green manures and PF either sole or combined significantly (p < 0.05) reduced soil bulk density and increased porosity, soil organic matter (SOM), nutrient contents, growth, yield, and mineral contents of tomato crop compared with the control. When manures were combined, PF + Tithonia has the highest value of these parameters. PF + Tithonia increased tomato yield by 20.0, 53.0, 77.0 and 132.5%, respectively compared with feather alone, Tithonia alone, banana alone and the control for year 2017, and by 28.3, 59.2, 73.0, and 237.3%, respectively for year 2018. The increased growth, yield, and mineral contents of tomato under PF + Tithonia was due to improved soil physical and chemical properties and also due to the fact that slowly decaying poultry feather may allow retention of released nutrients from rapidly decomposing Tithonia within the rooting zone, thereby fostering greater efficiency of nutrient release and uptake. Therefore, locally sourced organic material can be used in improving soil and crop productivity especially when they are combined.