Distribution and identification of proteolytic Bacillus spp. in paddy field soil under rice cultivation.
Distribution and identification of proteolytic Bacillus spp. in paddy field soil under rice cultivation.
复制标题
蛋白水解芽孢杆菌属的分布和鉴定。
DOI：
10.1139/m93-097
复制
发表时间：
1993
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
K. Hayano
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Katsuji Watanabe;K. Hayano
利用偶氮琼脂平板对稻田土壤中的蛋白水解菌进行了鉴定和计数。芽孢杆菌属是最常见的蛋白水解菌，占分离株的59%。在水稻生长发育的三个不同时期(营养生长期、分蘖盛期和收获期)，从三种肥料处理(稻草堆肥和化肥、化肥和不施化肥)和水稻生长发育的三个不同时期分离到的蛋白水解菌一直是数量优势菌。从分离到的411株蛋白水解菌中，通过明胶液化试验，确定124株具有较强的蛋白水解酶活性，其中以芽孢杆菌为主。(1989年为100%，1991年为92.4%)。枯草芽孢杆菌和蜡状芽孢杆菌是该菌群的主要细菌，也有芽孢杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌和巨大芽孢杆菌。我们的结论是，这些芽孢杆菌属。是这些稻田土壤蛋白水解酶的主要来源。
Proteolytic bacteria in paddy field soils under rice cultivation were characterized and enumerated using azocoll agar plates. Bacillus spp. were the proteolytic bacteria that were most frequently present, comprising 59% of the isolates. They were always the numerically dominant proteolytic bacteria isolated from three kinds of fertilizer treatments (yearly application of rice-straw compost and chemical fertilizer, yearly application of chemical fertilizer, and no fertilizer application) and at three different stages of rice development (vegetative growth stage, maximal tillering stage, and harvest stage). Of the 411 proteolytic bacteria isolated, 124 isolates had stronger proteolytic activity than others on the basis of gelatin liquefaction tests and most of them were Bacillus spp. (100% in 1989 and 92.4% in 1991). Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus were the main bacteria of this group and Bacillus mycoides, Bacillus licheniformis, and Bacillus megaterium were also present. We conclude that these Bacillus spp. are the primary source of soil protease in these paddy fields.