A global synthesis of the marine and terrestrial evidence for glaciation during the Pliocene Epoch
A global synthesis of the marine and terrestrial evidence for glaciation during the Pliocene Epoch
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DOI：
10.1016/j.earscirev.2014.04.003
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发表时间：
2014-08-01
影响因子：
12.1
通讯作者：
Ehlers, Juergen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
De Schepper, Stijn;Gibbard, Philip L.;Ehlers, Juergen
上新世的气候是全球温暖的，其特点是大气中二氧化碳浓度高，但陆地和海洋科学界已经收集了大量的证据，在北方和南半球的第四纪之前的重大冰川事件。陆地上的证据是零碎的，但海洋冰川记录提供了更完整的上新世冰川历史。在这里，我们提出了一个全球汇编的陆地和海洋冰川的证据上新世，并证明四个冰川事件，可以确定在南半球和/或北方半球的最新上新世加剧之前，北方半球冰川。在上新世早期有两次全球公认的冰川事件（c。4.9-4.8 Ma和c。4.0马），一个事件围绕早/晚上新世过渡（c。3.6 Ma），和一个事件在海洋同位素阶段M2（c。3.3 Ma）。长期的气候变冷、大气中二氧化碳浓度的降低和上新世的高气候敏感性可能促进了每一次冰川事件，但上新世早期冰川事件背后的机制尚不清楚。全球冰川在C。3.3 Ma可能是由海洋门户的变化引起的，而二氧化碳浓度的下降对北方半球冰川作用的最新上新世加强很重要。(C)2014爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
The Pliocene climate is globally warm and characterised by high atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, yet the terrestrial and marine scientific communities have gathered considerable evidence for substantial glaciation events in both the Northern and Southern Hemisphere prior to the Quaternary. Evidence on land is fragmentary, but marine records of glaciation present a more complete history of Pliocene glaciation. Here we present a global compilation of the terrestrial and marine glacial evidence for the Pliocene and demonstrate four glaciation events that can be identified in the Southern and/or Northern Hemisphere prior to the latest Pliocene intensification of Northern Hemisphere glaciation. There are two globally recognisable glacial events in the early Pliocene (c. 4.9-4.8 Ma and c. 4.0 Ma), one event around the early/late Pliocene transition (c. 3.6 Ma), and one event during Marine Isotope Stage M2 (c. 3.3 Ma). Long-term climate cooling, decreasing carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere and high climate sensitivity in the Pliocene probably facilitated each glaciation event, however the mechanisms behind the early Pliocene glacial events are unclear. The global glaciation at c. 3.3 Ma may be caused by changes in ocean gateways, whereas the decline in carbon dioxide concentrations is important for the latest Pliocene intensification of Northern Hemisphere glaciation. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.