Fighting on two fronts: Elevated insect resistance in flooded maize
Fighting on two fronts: Elevated insect resistance in flooded maize
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DOI：
10.1111/pce.13642
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发表时间：
2019-08-22
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Christensen, Shawn A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Block, Anna K.;Hunter, Charles T.;Christensen, Shawn A.
为了生长和茁壮成长，植物必须能够适应恶劣的环境条件和各种害虫的攻击。阐明植物为实现这一目标而开发的复杂机制一直是许多研究的重点。人们还不太清楚的是，当植物同时面临多种压力时，植物是如何反应的。在这项研究中，我们评估了玉米(玉米)对淹水和害虫果蝇侵染复合胁迫的反应。这种复合胁迫导致防御激素水杨酸的产生增加，这在单独的胁迫中不存在，并由此导致水杨酸依赖于水杨酸增加对果蝇的抗性。苯丙烷类途径的重塑也是对这种组合胁迫的响应，导致抗昆虫C-糖基黄酮类(Maysins)和草食动物诱导的挥发性酚、乙酸苄酯和乙酸苯乙酯的产量增加。此外，细胞的氧化还原状态也会发生变化，表现为过氧化物酶和多酚氧化酶活性的降低。这些数据表明，对耐涝和抗虫防御至关重要的代谢物变化可能是相加和协同作用的，为植物提供额外的保护。
To grow and thrive plants must be able to adapt to both adverse environmental conditions and attack by a variety of pests. Elucidating the sophisticated mechanisms plants have developed to achieve this has been the focus of many studies. What is less well understood is how plants respond when faced with multiple stressors simultaneously. In this study, we assess the response of Zea mays (maize) to the combinatorial stress of flooding and infestation with the insect pest Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm). This combined stress leads to elevated production of the defence hormone salicylic acid, which does not occur in the individual stresses, and the resultant salicylic acid-dependent increase in S. frugiperda resistance. Remodelling of phenylpropanoid pathways also occurs in response to this combinatorial stress leading to increased production of the anti-insect C-glycosyl flavones (maysins) and the herbivore-induced volatile phenolics, benzyl acetate, and phenethyl acetate. Furthermore, changes in cellular redox status also occur, as indicated by reductions in peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activity. These data suggest that metabolite changes important for flooding tolerance and anti-insect defence may act both additively and synergistically to provide extra protection to the plant.