Wader nest distribution and predation in relation to man-made structures on coastal pastures
Wader nest distribution and predation in relation to man-made structures on coastal pastures
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涉禽巢分布和捕食与沿海牧场人造结构的关系
DOI：
10.1016/j.biocon.2006.04.026
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发表时间：
2006
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Thomas Lenberg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Wallander;D. Isaksson;Thomas Lenberg
沿海牧场和其他湿草地是许多涉禽重要的繁殖栖息地，但正在减少（Charadrii）。由于适宜栖息地的丧失是人口减少的主要原因，因此保护和恢复这些栖息地至关重要。降低通常较高的巢捕食率是未来保护工作中潜在的重要工具。在这里，我们关注的是捕食者在寻找猎物时使用的凸起结构。冠鸦（Corvus corone cornix）在瑞典西南部的沿海牧场觅食时，使用人造结构，如石墙和铁丝网围栏。然而，很少有研究调查了涉禽繁殖成功与人造结构的关系，以及这些结构在多大程度上被用来寻找巢穴捕食者。我们测量了涉禽巢穴的空间分布和捕食率。乌鸦在人造建筑物附近停留的时间比预期的要多，但我们发现，相对于距离人造建筑物的距离，乌鸦的巢穴捕食没有显著差异。然而，在三年中有两年，涉水鸟的巢穴被放置在离人造建筑更远的地方。因此，水禽倾向于避免在人造建筑物附近繁殖，从而减少了适合繁殖的区域，也可能减少了当地的水禽种群规模。
Coastal pastures and other wet grasslands are important but decreasing breeding habitats for many waders (Charadrii). Since loss of suitable habitat is a major reason for population declines, protection and restoration of these habitats is crucial. Reduction of the often high rate of nest predation is a potentially important tool in future conservation work. Here, we focus on predators’ use of raised structures in the landscape when searching for prey. Hooded crows (Corvus corone cornix) use man-made structures such as stone walls and barbed wire fences when foraging on coastal pastures in SW Sweden. However, few studies have examined wader breeding success in relation to man-made structures, and the extent to which such structures are used by searching nest predators. We measured the spatial distribution and rate of predation on wader nests in relation to such structures. Crows spent more time at or near man-made structures than expected by chance, but we found no significant difference in nest predation relative to distance from man-made structures. However, wader nests were placed farther away from man-made structures than expected by chance in two out of three years. Waders thus tend to avoid breeding close to man-made structures, which therefore reduce the suitable breeding area and probably also the local wader population size.