Cannabis and crime: findings from a longitudinal study
Cannabis and crime: findings from a longitudinal study
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1360-0443.2009.02719.x
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Skardhamar, Torbjorn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pedersen, Willy;Skardhamar, Torbjorn
目的研究青少年和青年吸食大麻与随后的刑事指控之间的关系。方法数据来源于挪威青少年纵向研究。以人群为基础的样本（n = 1353）从13岁到27岁进行随访。收集了关于大麻使用、酒精消费和酒精问题以及使用安非他明、可卡因和鸦片等其他非法物质的数据。此外，还收集了关于社会人口、家庭和个人因素的广泛资料。该数据集与挪威官方犯罪统计的个人信息相关联。研究结果我们发现大麻的使用和后来的犯罪指控之间有很强的联系，无论是在青春期还是在成年早期。这些关联根据一系列混杂因素进行了调整，如家庭社会经济背景、父母的支持和监督、教育成就和职业、以前的刑事指控、行为问题以及同居和婚姻史。在不同的模型中，我们控制了酒精测量和其他非法物质的使用。经过调整后，我们仍然发现大麻使用与后来的刑事指控之间存在很强的联系。然而，当从我们的模型中消除所有类型的药物特定收费时，我们不再观察到与大麻使用有任何显著关联。结论：研究表明，在青春期和成年早期吸食大麻可能与随后的犯罪活动有关。然而，这种参与的大部分似乎与各种类型的特定毒品犯罪有关。因此，这种联系似乎是基于这样一个事实，即使用、拥有和分发大麻等毒品是非法的。这项研究加强了人们对与使用、拥有和分发大麻有关的法律的关注。
AimTo examine the association between cannabis use during adolescence and young adulthood, and subsequent criminal charges.MethodsData were obtained from the Young in Norway Longitudinal Study. A population-based sample (n = 1353) was followed from 13 to 27 years of age. Data were gathered on cannabis use, alcohol consumption and alcohol problems, and use of other illegal substances such as amphetamines, cocaine and opiates. In addition, extensive information on socio-demographic, family and personal factors was collected. This data set was linked to individual-level information from official Norwegian crime statistics.FindingsWe found robust associations between cannabis use and later registered criminal charges, both in adolescence and in young adulthood. These associations were adjusted for a range of confounding factors, such as family socio-economic background, parental support and monitoring, educational achievement and career, previous criminal charges, conduct problems and history of cohabitation and marriage. In separate models, we controlled for alcohol measures and for use of other illegal substances. After adjustment, we still found strong associations between cannabis use and later criminal charges. However, when eliminating all types of drug-specific charges from our models, we no longer observed any significant association with cannabis use.ConclusionsThe study suggests that cannabis use in adolescence and early adulthood may be associated with subsequent involvement in criminal activity. However, the bulk of this involvement seems to be related to various types of drug-specific crime. Thus, the association seems to rest on the fact that use, possession and distribution of drugs such as cannabis is illegal. The study strengthens concerns about the laws relating to the use, possession and distribution of cannabis.