Cognitive-Emotional Hyperarousal as a Premorbid Characteristic of Individuals Vulnerable to Insomnia
Cognitive-Emotional Hyperarousal as a Premorbid Characteristic of Individuals Vulnerable to Insomnia
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DOI：
10.1097/psy.0b013e3181d75319
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发表时间：
2010-05-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Jose De la Cruz-Troca, Juan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fernandez-Mendoza, Julio;Vela-Bueno, Antonio;Jose De la Cruz-Troca, Juan
目的：探讨认知-情绪过度唤醒是否是易患压力相关性失眠的中青年睡眠良好者的发病前特征。方法：从305名中年人和196名青年人两个样本中收集自我报告信息。从这些成年人中，选择了149名中年人（50.34 +/-4.47岁）和85名年轻人（20.19 +/-1.31岁）进行本研究。福特压力反应测试（FIRST）被用来衡量易受压力相关失眠。在线性回归模型中，将人格、觉醒、沉思、入睡前觉醒和应对技能等特质指标作为预测因子，同时控制性别、抑郁和焦虑。结果如下：回归模型显示，唤醒（β = 0.546），神经质（β = 0.413），感知压力（β = 0.375），和反刍（β = 0.214）与中年人的第一个分数。在年轻成人中，回归模型显示，睡眠前认知觉醒（β = 0.448）、觉醒（β = 0.426）、神经质（β = 0.320）、睡眠前躯体觉醒（β = 0.290）、情绪导向应对（β = 0.220）和沉思（β = 0.212）与FIRST评分相关。最后，与慢性失眠症患者相比，FIRST得分高的个体在认知-情绪过度唤醒的测量中得分并不低。结论：这些数据表明，认知情绪过度觉醒可能是失眠症患者的一个病前特征。看来，适应不良的应对压力策略和认知情绪过度觉醒易患失眠的发展，针对这些特点的干预措施可能是重要的预防和治疗慢性失眠。
Objective: To examine whether cognitive-emotional hyperarousal is a premorbid characteristic of middle-aged and young good sleepers vulnerable to stress-related insomnia. Methods: Self-reported information was collected from two samples of 305 middle-aged and 196 young adults. From those adults, 149 middle-aged (50.34 +/- 4.47 years) and 85 young (20.19 +/- 1.31 years) good sleepers were selected for the present study. The Ford Insomnia Response to Stress Test (FIRST) was used to measure vulnerability to stress-related insomnia. Trait measures of personality, arousability, rumination, presleep arousal, and coping skills were entered as predictors in the linear regression models, at the same time controlling for gender, depression, and anxiety. Results: The regression models showed that arousability (beta = 0.546), neuroticism (beta = 0.413), perceived stress (beta = 0.375), and rumination (beta = 0.214) were associated with FIRST scores in middle-aged adults. Among young adults, the regression models revealed that presleep cognitive arousal (beta = 0.448), arousability (beta = 0.426), neuroticism (beta = 0.320), presleep somatic arousal (beta = 0.290), emotion-oriented coping (beta = 0.220), and rumination (beta = 0.212) were associated with FIRST scores. Finally, individuals with high FIRST scores did not show lower scores in measures of cognitive-emotional hyperarousal compared with chronic insomniacs. Conclusions: These data suggest that cognitive-emotional hyperarousal may be a premorbid characteristic of subjects vulnerable to insomnia. It seems that maladaptive coping stress strategies and cognitive-emotional hyperarousal predispose to the development of insomnia and that interventions targeting these characteristics may be important in the prevention and treatment of chronic insomnia.