Evolutionary perspective on the hematopoietic system through a colonial chordate: allogeneic immunity and hematopoiesis.
Evolutionary perspective on the hematopoietic system through a colonial chordate: allogeneic immunity and hematopoiesis.
复制标题
通过殖民脊索动物对造血系统的进化视角：同种异体免疫和造血作用。
DOI：
10.1016/j.coi.2019.12.006
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
7
通讯作者：
Weissman,IrvingL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rosental,Benyamin;Raveh,Tal;Voskoboynik,Ayelet;Weissman,IrvingL
摘要施氏博氏杆菌HSCs已被分离和鉴定。哺乳动物和施氏杆菌HSCs及其各自的生态位具有许多同源转录物。细胞毒性是免疫同种异体细胞排斥的机制。博氏杆菌组织相容性因子(BHF)决定了克隆的融合或排斥。BHF抑制细胞毒细胞的同种排斥反应，类似于NK细胞。进化和选择在整个系统发育过程中形成了不同的免疫系统，其中绝大多数仍未被探索。Schlosseri Botryllus schlosseri是一种群居被衣动物，是脊椎动物的姐妹群，以脊索动物的形式发育，然后蜕变为无性繁殖的无脊椎动物，每周都会从萌芽的干细胞做出相同的身体计划。基因上不同的斯氏杆菌菌落可以融合形成嵌合体，也可以基于同种异体识别而相互排斥。在嵌合体中，循环生殖系和体细胞干细胞参与发育；干细胞在融合群体中的所有个体中竞争，排斥反应防止生殖系寄生。本文综述了斯氏杆菌造血干细胞(HSC)及其生态位的分离和特征，以及免疫效应细胞在同种异体识别中的作用。
HighlightsBotryllus schlosseri HSCs have been isolated and their niche identified.Mammalian and B. schlosseri HSCs and their respective niches share many homologous transcripts.Cytotoxicity is the mechanism of immune allogeneic cellular rejection.Botryllus Histocompatibility Factor (BHF) determines fusion or rejection of colonies.Allogeneic rejection by cytotoxic cells is inhibited by BHF, similar to NK cells.Evolution and selection have shaped diverse immune systems throughout phylogeny, the vast majority of which remain unexplored. Botryllus schlosseri is a colonial tunicate, a sister group to vertebrates, that develops as a chordate, then metamorphoses to an asexually reproductive invertebrate that every week makes the same body plan from budded stem cells. Genetically distinct B. schlosseri colonies can fuse to form a chimera, or reject each other based on allogeneic recognition. In chimeras, circulating germline and somatic stem cells participate in development; stem cells compete in all individuals in the fused colonies, with rejection preventing germline parasitism.Here we review the isolation and characterization of B. schlosseri hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and their niches, and the role of the immune effector cells in allorecognition.