NITROGEN UPTAKE AND NITROGEN RESIDUALS OF WINTER OILSEED RAPE AND FALLOUT RAPE
NITROGEN UPTAKE AND NITROGEN RESIDUALS OF WINTER OILSEED RAPE AND FALLOUT RAPE
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1439-037x.1994.tb00176.x
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发表时间：
1994-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
BURY, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
AUFHAMMER, W;KUBLER, E;BURY, M
本次调查的目的是研究油菜作物种子干物质生产和营养干物质生产之间的关系及其对生产条件的依赖性。 除了生长期的氮吸收与收获后的氮残留之间的关系外，人们也很感兴趣。 此外，还测量了沉降油菜中氮吸收的潜力。 在两个植被周期中，对冬季油菜进行了析因田间试验。 Lirabon、不同的钻井技术和不同的施氮水平进行了测试。 测量的性状包括：干物质积累，包括根质量和脱落叶物质质量，油料作物和沉降油菜林的氮吸收，以及土壤NO3-N含量。 最后计算了收获指数和氮收获指数。结合高达 330 千克氮/公顷的氮吸收量，油菜作物产生高达 200 dt 干物质/公顷。 当种子产量水平为 33 dt/ha (d.m.) 时，收获指数变化范围为 0.14-0.23，氮收获指数变化范围为 0.30-0.50。 由于收获时营养植物材料的残留，收获前叶片损失，收获时土壤中 NO3-N 含量高达 275 千克氮/公顷残留在田间。 油菜收获后，土壤中的 NO3-N 含量因油菜的出现和生长而迅速降低。 然而，在秋季整地措施之后，观察到土壤中 NO3-N 含量持续上升。
The objective of the investigation was a study of the relationship between seed dry-matter production and vegetative dry-matter production in oil-seed rape crops and their dependence on the production conditions. In addition to the relationship between the N-uptake during the vegetation period and the N-residue after harvest was of major interest. Furthermore the potential for N-uptake in fallout rape was measured. Over two vegetation periods factorial field experiments with winter oil-seed rape, cv. Lirabon, different drilling techniques and different nitrogen fertilization levels were tested. Measured traits were: the dry-matter accumulation including root mass and fall-off leaf-material mass, the N-uptake of both the oil-seed crops and the fallout rape stands, and, simultaneously, the soil NO3-N content. Finally the harvest indices and the N-harvest indices were calculated.Combined with a N-uptake of up to 330 kg N/ha, oil-seed rape crops produced up to 200 dt dry matter/ha. At seed yield levels of 33 dt/ha (d.m.), harvest indices varied from 0.14-0.23 and N-harvest indices varied from 0.30-0.50. As a result of the residue of vegetative plant material at harvest, leaf losses before harvest and the soil NO3-N-contents at harvest up to 275 kg N/ha remained in the field. After the harvest of oil-seed rape, the soil NO3-N-contents were quickly reduced by emerging and growing fallout rape stands. However, following soil-preparation measures in the autumn, a continuous rise in the soil NO3-N-content was observed.