Social Movements in Urban Politics: Trends in Research and Practice
Social Movements in Urban Politics: Trends in Research and Practice
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城市政治中的社会运动：研究与实践的趋势
DOI：
10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195367867.013.0014
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Boudreau
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boudreau
在21世纪初，有几个趋势突出了城市与其他领土层面发生的动态交织在一起。城市治理不能在市政府的政治制度范围内理解，也不能在城市边界内理解利益集团压力和政党姿态的相互作用。除了联邦体制中市和州/省政府之间的复杂安排外，许多单一制国家也分散了权力，因此政府间关系变得更加复杂。此外，非政府行为体和私营部门协会在指导和塑造城市和更广泛的大都市地区的权力关系和政策方面变得越来越重要。因此，有必要发展能够系统地解释城市政治和政策日益多层次方面的概念和理论。本文通过关注三个主要主题来揭示城市政治和政策的多层次方面。首先，我们关注与特定民族国家背景下城市嵌套相关的问题。超越纯粹的制度设置和政府间关系，城市在国家背景下的“垂直”嵌套还包括政党制度的结构、利益集团的代表以及福利国家特征等方面。了解多层次政治的这一方面对于城市政治和政策的国际比较分析尤其重要，因为我们面临着仔细考虑的挑战
At the beginning of the twenty-first century, several tendencies accentuate the entwining of cities with dynamics that occur at other territorial levels. City governance cannot be understood within the confines of the political institutions of a municipal government and the interplay of interest group pressures and political party posturing within city boundaries. Besides the complex arrangements between municipal and state/provincial governments within federal systems, many unitary states have also decentralized and intergovernmental relations have become more complex as a result. Additionally, nongovernmental actors and private sector associations have become increasingly important in guiding and shaping power relations and policy within cities and within broader metropolitan regions. There is thus a need to develop concepts and theories that are able to systematically account for the increasingly multileveled aspect of urban politics and policy. This article unwraps the multileveled aspect of urban politics and policy by focusing on three main topics. First, we focus on the issues related to the nesting of cities within specific nation-state contexts. Going beyond purely institutional settings and intergovernmental relations, the" vertical" nesting of cities in national contexts also encompasses aspects such as the structuring of the party system, interest group representation, as well as welfare state characteristics. Gaining an understanding of this aspect of multilevel politics is especially important for internationally comparative analyses of urban politics and policy as we are challenged to carefully account for