Contextualizing gender differences and methamphetamine use with HIV prevalence within a South African community.
Contextualizing gender differences and methamphetamine use with HIV prevalence within a South African community.
复制标题
将性别差异和甲基苯丙胺的使用与南非社区内的艾滋病毒流行情况联系起来。
DOI：
10.1016/j.drugpo.2013.10.016
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Zule,WilliamA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wechsberg,WendeeM;Doherty,IreneA;Myers,Bronwyn;Morgan-Lopez,AntonioA;Emanuel,Andrea;Carney,Tara;Kline,TracyL;Zule,WilliamA
BackgroundThis study was conducted in a large Black African township outside of Cape Town, South Africa, where HIV infection has been endemic at extremely high levels for years. Problems associated with high HIV prevalence are compounded by gender inequality and high rates of gender-based violence exacerbated by heavy alcohol use and increasing methamphetamine use.MethodsInformal drinking establishments (known as shebeens) were geocoded and mapped. Based on visual examination, we identified 36 neighbourhoods, each of which contained between three to seven drinking venues clustered together. Neighbourhoods were separated from each other by at least 200 m. We randomly selected 30 of the 36 neighbourhoods. Outreach workers screened males in shebeens and screened their female partners. This analysis includes 580 study participants recruited from 30 neighbourhoods between 2010 and 2012. All participants completed a baseline questionnaire that included individual-level, couple-level, and neighbourhood-level measures of alcohol and other drug use, HIV infection, and HIV risk behaviours. Multilevel fixed effects regression analyses stratified by gender were conducted to examine correlates of HIV infection.ResultsWomen were twice as likely as men to be HIV infected, yet they reported fewer sex partners. Neighbourhood prevalence of HIV was correlated with greater likelihood of HIV infection among women, but not men. Neighbourhood methamphetamine use was marginally associated with HIV among women but not among men. At the individual level, heavy alcohol use was marginally associated with HIV infection among men but not among women. Having an HIV positive partner was the strongest correlate of being HIV positive among both men and women.ConclusionFindings from this study underscore the need for policy makers to direct scarce resources to the communities, places within communities, and populations, especially vulnerable women, where the impact on HIV prevention and onward transmission will be greatest.
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影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Meade, Christina S.;Watt, Melissa H.;Sikkema, Kathleen J.;Deng, Lisa X.;Ranby, Krista W.;Skinner, Donald;Pieterse, Desiree;Kalichmann, Seth C.
通讯作者：
Kalichmann, Seth C.
通过平均值掩盖西开普省艾滋病毒流行的省内异质性。
DOI：
10.7196/samj.1136
发表时间：
2006
期刊：
South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde
影响因子：
--
作者：
N. Shaikh;F. Abdullah;C. Lombard;L. Smit;D. Bradshaw;L. Makubalo
通讯作者：
L. Makubalo
艾滋病毒/艾滋病流行的社会经济决定因素和国家效率
DOI：
10.1016/j.ejor.2005.10.033
发表时间：
2007
期刊：
Eur. J. Oper. Res.
影响因子：
--
作者：
S. H. Zanakis;C. Alvarez;V. Li
通讯作者：
V. Li
Khayelitsha 2001 - 2011：初级保健艾滋病毒和结核病项目十年
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
D. Garone;K. Hilderbrand;A. Boulle;D. Coetzee;E. Goemaere;G. Cutsem;D. Besada
通讯作者：
D. Besada
影响因子：
--
作者：
K. Peltzer;A. Davids;P. Njuho
通讯作者：
K. Peltzer;A. Davids;P. Njuho